There are many tyeps ofembroidery file format software is developed like singers, dst file format , melco japan, Elna, husqvarna, toyota, bernina etc . All manufacturer of embroidery software company e.g. Bernina Software have develop their own file format system for the machines. They have developed also common types of file format as it can be compatible with other machines. Bellow shown different types of embroidery file format with brand.
Embroidery File Format
Brand
.ARD
Bernina artista, OESD
.ASD
Melco
.CND
Melco condensed
.CSD
POEM, Singer EU, Viking Huskygram
.DST
Tajima
.EMB
Wilcom
.EMB
Elna Expressive
.EXP
Bernina, Melco
.GNC
Great Notions Condensed
.HUS
Viking Husqvarna
.JEF/JEF+
Janome, New Home
.OEF
OESD Condensed
.PCD, .PCS, .PCQ
for pfaff embroidery software
.PEC, .PEL, .PEM, .PES
Baby Lock, Bernina Deco, Brother, Simplicity
.PHB, .PHC
Baby Lock, Bernina Deco, Brother
.SEW
Elna, janome uk, New Home, Kenmore
.SHV
husqvarna embroidery machine
.STI
Toyota financial/Data Stitch
.STX
Toyota/Data Stitch
.VIP
VIP Customizing
.VP3
Pfaff
.XXX, .zdf
Singer, Compucon
Husqvarna Package
Convert Embroidery Files :
There are many software is developed to convert embroidery files . We can convert embroidery files system form elna to melco japan, melco japan to elna, ASD to singers, singers to ASD, husqvarna to toyota, toyota to husqvarna etc. In flowing way we can convert embroidery files –
.ARD to .ASD and vice versa .ASD to .CND and vice versa .CND to .DST and vice versa .DST to .EMB and vice versa .EMB to .EXP and vice versa .EXP to .GNC and vice versa .GNC to .HUS and vice versa .HUS to .JEF/JEF+ and vice versa .JEF/.JEF+ to .OEF and vice versa .OEF to .PCD, .PCS, .PCQ and vice versa .PCD, .PCS, .PCQ to .PEC, .PEL, .PEM, .PES and vice versa .PEC, .PEL, .PEM, .PES to .PHB, .PHC and vice versa .PHB, .PHC to .SEW and vice versa .SEW to .SHV and vice versa .SHV to .STI and vice versa .STI to .VIP and vice versa .VIP to .VP3 and vice versa .VP3 to .XXX, .zdf and vice versa
Dyeing Machine for dye is used for dyeing fabric, dyeing polyester, dyeing clothe and others type of dyeing. This machine is also used for natural dyes, purple dye, tie dye instructions etc. Before the people used the fabric without dyeing, after the few years they was dyed fabric with the help of big pot. That time, no dyeing machine was invented when people dyed the fabric with vary short range most probably at home for their domestic use for dyeing wool. The dyeing or dyeing wool was not so good because of the poor chemical and dyes ratio. Day to day peoples are increasing and needs of cloth was also increased and also increase their decorative working for dyeing fabric. Every dye system has different features in terms of versatility use of carriers, weight limits, etc.
The machine is used for dyeing loose Fiber and dyeing wool,
Feature Fiber Dyeing Machine for Dyeing Clothe:
When huge amount of loose cotton fiber or dyeing wool is to be dyed in standard dyeing shade, continuous dyeing may be carried out.
The output of the can be as high as 2500lb per hour for natural dyes and purple dye
Owing to the cut off, the pump only sucks through the lower half of the cylinder.
Specification of Standard Dyeing Machine for Dyeing Clothe:
When we will buy dyeing machine we should check some specifications which are given below-
[label type=”label” title=”Specification Name”]
[label type=”label” title=”Specification Value”]
Product Category
Dyeing
Machine Category
Dyeing Machine
Product Name
HT-HP Dyeing Machine
Product Model
FUTURA HT2 (4 ropes)
Product Class
Used
Origine
EUROPE
Brand/Manufacturere
Alliance
Agent of Bangladesh
No
Power
NA
Temperature
NA
Description
2 coupled machines each 2 tubes each 1 electronic Programming COMEUREG Possibility to work independently
Certification
NA
Max. Cloth Capacity
800 kg
Cloth Capacity
800 kg
No of Tube
2
Fabric Linear Speed
NA
Max. Heating up Speed
5/min (steam pressure 0.50.7MPa
Liquor Ratio
1: 3 Polyester
Max. Working Temperature
140
Max. Working Pressure
0.4MPa
How to dyeing clothe and how to dye polyester:
In the machine of purple dye the dye liquor is kept stationary while the cotton is moved in the liquor Cotton fiber are feed in the form of laps, 2 inch thick and 36 inch wide, which are uniformly packed.
A perforated cast iron cylinder with closed end plates is made to rotate at the conveyor speed. Its axis is provided by a stationary hollow pipe which is connected to a suction pipe.
There are five units, wetting, dyeing clothe, cold wash, hot wash, drying with this type of cylinder and every nit has definite liquor.
Five such units may be connected in series, with one common conveyer as the lower conveyer and five individual upper conveyors for dyeing clothe
Different options are carried out in this those five units and finally the lap is fed to Creighton opener, where the lap is disintegrated into loose fiber.
Abnormalities seen in the dyeing processes
Lack of supervision: This is the main abnormality that is seen in the dyeing process. The supervisors and their superiors are not willing to keep in touch with the dyeing machines.
Time reduction tendencies of the operators: Operators are always interested in reducing the dyeing process time. For this sometimes they decrease the standard process time. It doesn’t give them any fruitful result as they have to redye some fabric often.
Improper handling of chemicals: operators are not careful in handling chemicals. Some chemicals are dangerous and some should be strictly isolated. But operators use the same mug for taking different agent. It may contaminate the chemicals. Safety equipments are not used by the workers.
Improper utilization through imperfect measurement of chemicals: The operators and helpers are not interested to use balance. They take chemicals from store by assumption. They have tendencies to use more chemicals. They believe by using more chemicals time can be reduced.
Mechanical problems in the dyeing machines: there are several types of turbulence in dyeing machines. they can be stated machine wise as follows~
Dyeing Machine 1-
Sealing problem in the non return valve of streamline.
Lack of insulation in the steam line.
Dyeing Machine 3-
Sealing problem in the steam line flange.
Sealing problem in the steam line valve.
Insulation problem.
Sample dyeing machine1-
Severe problem in the slip ring sealing of the pump
Leakage in the stem line
Sample dyeing machine2-
Sealing problem in the lid.
Problem in the control valve with actuator
Dyeing Machine 4-
Problem in the globe valve sealing in the steam line.
Display problem
Dyeing machine 5-
Problem in the steam line valve sealing.
Dyeing machine 6-
Steam line flange leakage
Sealing problem in the pump
Other common problems are
dosing line jam for not filtering soda & salt
problem in the winch real motor
steam line problem
improper pressure in the pneumatic line
Lack of willingness to find the cause of faulty dyeing~ there is lack of willingness to recover from dyeing faults in everyone’s mind. There lack of accountability. The work force only has to enquire for delay of production.
Maintenance Problem: maintenance department is solving the problem when the fault has been occurred. They are not proactive, that is they are not using preventive maintenance for the smooth running of the factory. Although preventive maintenance scheduling is so tough as the process is continuous. The dyeing fault may arise from the machine fault. Bad sealing system in the pump will require more chemicals and water. Faulty insulation will require more heat energy as
Some Aspect and Impact of Dye:
Aspect of Dye
Impact of Dye
As per recipe dyeing helper collect the chemicals from chemical store
Spillage of chemicals harmful for users and environment.
Pre-treatment greige fabric in the dyeing M/C and sample cutting
Steam emission from dyeing to air
After pre-bleaching dyeing machine drains the waste water
Chemicals drain out from the dyeing machine
As per recipe dyeing helper collect the dyes, chemicals and salt from chemical store & mix those at the side tank of the machine
Spillage of dyes, chemicals & salt harmful for users and environment
Dyeing and pre-treated fabric and sample cutting.
Steam emission from dyeing machine to air
After dyeing machine drains the wastewater
Dyes and chemicals drain out from the dyeing machine
During sample cutting and washing of dyed fabric to match with approve shed
Steam is emitted from dyeing M/C
After wash of dyed fabric from dyeing M/C to trolley
Steam emission from dyeing M/C to air
Unloading of dyed fabric from dyeing M/C to trolley
Water spray to the floor.
Transportation of trolley to the De-Water, Slitting M/C
Water spray to the floor and becoming wet.
Emission of dust to air when unrolling the greige fabric in the dyeing machine
Air pollution
Autoclave:
Various types of machines in textile are used for processing fibers in loose form. In conical pan machines in textile the fiber is packed into a removable fiber carrier, which is located onto a central spigot in the base of the vessel. Associated pipe work allows liquor to be circulated either from the base of the pack or from the top.
Schematic Layout of a conical pan loose fiber dyeing machine
Pear shapes machines have a removable perforated based plate through which liquor is circulated via an impeller, returning to the dyeing container via a weir in textile industry. Fiber is loaded directly for dyeing fabric into these machines and perforated plate is positioned on top. Liquor circulation packs the fiber into the base of the machine between the two plates. Radial flow machines are characterized by a fiber carrier, equipped with a central perforated column from which liquor flows across the pack to the perforated walls of the carrier for dyeing fabric. The low packing density in these machines allows liquor to circulate freely through the fiber pack at modest pressures, thus minimizing mechanical damage to the fiber while ensuring level dyeing fabric. The bath heats by closed steam the base of the machine. In other cases electro programmers or logic controllers is installed to regulate time / temperature and to control the direction of liquor flow. The liquor ratio for loose fiber can vary between 1:4 to 1:12, depending on the type of machine, level of loading, type of fiber, etc.
[1] Abu Zamil Mohammad Zakaria, B.Sc.in Textile Engineering, Daffodil International University
Dyeing Machine for Dye:
Dyeing Machine for dye is used for dyeing fabric, dyeing polyester, dyeing clothe and others type of dyeing. This machine is also used for natural dyes, purple dye, tie dye instructions etc. Before the people used the fabric without dyeing, after the few years they was dyed fabric with the help of big pot. That time, no dyeing machine was invented when people dyed the fabric with vary short range most probably at home for their domestic use for dyeing wool. The dyeing or dyeing wool was not so good because of the poor chemical and dyes ratio. Day to day peoples are increasing and needs of cloth was also increased and also increase their decorative working for dyeing fabric. Every dye system has different features in terms of versatility use of carriers, weight limits, etc.
Auto fabric laser cutting machine is used for cutting fabric in garments industry and textile industry. Auto fabric laser cutting machine have laser tube, motor stepper and other parts to work together. Fabric laser cutting machine is used in cutting department is an essential part of any garment-manufacturing unit, because the fabric is one raw material, which constitutes to more than 50% of the total cost of the garment and it has to be cut into patterns and a lot is on stake, if any problem arises in this section then it can affect the order drastically. The first stage in the manufacture of the garments is the cutting of the materials into the necessary patterns shapes. These are then joined together by means of seams to create three-dimensional garments. Where large quantities of a garment style must be cut, a lay is created which consist of many plies of fabric spread one above the other. From this, all the garment pieces for all the sizes that have been planned for that lay are cut by fabric laser cutting machine. The pattern shapes for these garments are drawn as to their shape and position, which maybe held within a computer, to be plotted similarly on the paper marker.
Feature of Fabric Laser Cutter :
Auto controlling system, rich functions, can effect engraving on plane, gradient engraving using fabric laser cutter ,
Owns features of trumpf laser restoring from power off, continuation on break point.
Laser cutter machine transmite file form Auto cad and graphics software in the system.
Auto Laser cut machine work with Co2 for laser cut fabric
Laser cutter is very fast than other laser cutting machine.
The fabric laser cutter have motor stepper
Auto Laser cutter machine is driven by motor stepper
The system can nesting and full format continuous auto feeding cutting on a single pattern that exceeds the cutting area of the machine.
When we will buy dyeing machine we should check some specifications which are given below-
Auto Cloth Laser Cutting Machine
[label type=”label” title=”Specification Name”]
[label type=”label” title=”Value”]
Product Category
Cutting
Machine Category
Cutting Machine
Product Name
Laser cloth cutting machine
Product Model
laser tube
Product Class
New
Origine
China
Brand/Manufacturere
cutting fabric company
Agent of Bangladesh
No
Power
AC 110-220V±10%, 50-60Hz
Temperature
0°-40°C
Description
Laser cloth cutting machine is very difficult to operate.
Certification
NA
Cloth Capacity
1000 mm/s
Laser Power
60W/80W/100W/150W/180W
Resolution
2500dpi
Cutting Area
1600mm×2500mm/1600mm×3000mm
Supported File System
AI, BMP, PLT, DXF, DST etc
Compatible Software
TAJIMA, CORELDRAW,PHOTOSHOP,AUTOCAD
Stepper Motor:
The stepper motor is run by DC electric motor that divides a full rotation into a number of equal steps. The motor’s location can then be commanded to move and hold at one of these steps without any feedback sensor as long as the motor is cautiously sized to the application.
SOP for Cutting Section:
To maintain the best quality of Auto garment. In Auto group after received all document from marketing / sample section, at first we discuss all point about every order with sample, spec, buyer comments at pre-production meeting. After complete fabric inspection then we relax fabric according to our fabric spreading sop. When we, received sample, pattern marker then we start fabric spreading (lay). Complete lay, sometime relax fabric, then start cutting, numbering, budding & send to 100% panel check table. When panel check complete then send to (print, embroidery if required) sewing section for input. We keep all record properly.
Parts of Laser Tube Head:
The parts of laser tube head are given here-
Parts of Laser Head
Laser cutter head
Reflective mirror
Adjustable lens height
Lens mount
Laser
Laser emitter
Focusing lens
Gas inlet
Nozzle
Focused laser and gas jet
Cutting Process of a Company:
In Autogarment., the cutting department is situated on the 5th floor of the building. The area of the floor is divided into work floor for the Autogarment and the Autogarment sections. Both the sections work for 100% export. The operators of the Autogarment sections wear cream-colored shirts and the operators in the Autogarment section wear blue colored shirts. This uniform helps for distinguishing the operators of the two sections.
The department submits a report of projected dates for finishing a particular work assigned to it and is issued the fabric from the store, accordingly. Based on this projection, the fabric is brought in 5-10 days in advance from the store, so that the cutting department gets enough time to finish the work.
Conclusion:
The cutting department gets the marker from the CAD department band the fabric from the store. The cutting department then lays the fabric, according to the cut with laser cut fabric machine laid down by the CAD and marker section. The laser cut fabric is then cut into blocks (block cutting), which is then re-laid and cut precisely. The second cutting is essential in order to ensure a 100% check match. The plain laser cut fabric is also cut into block first, then into the final pieces, but the hassle of matching is not essential in such kind of a fabric.
A plotter or graph plotter of computer aided design is a printer that interprets instruction from a computer to make 3d and 2d designon on paper with one or more automated pens or cartidge. CAD CAM graph plotter is not like a regular printer, the graph plotter can draw continuous point-to-point lines directly from vector graphics files or commands. The graph plotter are much more expensive than printers. The graph plotter is most frequently used for Computer aided Engineering of applications, such as CAD – Computer Aided Design software , and CAM Computer Aided Manufacturing. Plotter or graph plotter is a special device that draws pictures on paper based on instruction from a computer.[2]
Plotter is graph plotter of cad cam technology run by graphtec technology is used in garment industry. Using different colored pens or cartidge it was also able to print in color long before ink jet printers became an alternative. Pen plotters are still the most affordable for graphtec device for CAD – computer aided design use to offer resolution unlike any other printer. The lines are not made up of many dots. They are actually drawn providing infinite resolution. See drum plotter, flat bed plotter, electrostatic plotter and ink jet printer.[2]
Difference between a Plotter and a Printer :
Plotters or graph plotter differ from printers in that they draw lines using a pen or cartidge. As a result, they can make continuous lines, whereas printers can only simulate lines by printing a closely spaced series of dots. Multicolor plotters use different colored pens or cartidge to draw different colors. Plotters use pens ink cartridge or toners, and therefore can only be used in the purpose of printing line art, not dynamically colored graphics. 4 head plotter use 4 cartidge, 2 head plotter use 2 cartidge and 6 head plottre requir 6 cartidge [2]
A drum plotter is called pen plotter use for cad – computer aided design printing that wraps the paper around a drum with a pin feed attachment. The drum then rotates the paper as pens move across it and draw the graphics and this machine does not use cartidge. This type of graph plotter is the output device used to print graphics and large engineering drawings worldwide. There are two types of drum plotters, one is external and another one is internal.[2]
Flat Bed Plotter:
A flat bed graph plotter is a mechanical systerm device used with many CAD CAM software for designers. This plotter may use several colors of pens or cartidge to create the graphics line using graphtec technology. The size of the graphic is limited to the size of the flat bed plotte’s surface.[2]
Ink jet Plotter:
The ink jet graph plotter create an image by spraying ink onto a piece of paper. A popular choice for advertising agencies and graphic designers ink jet plotters are used generally for marker and pattern in cad -computer aided design and large signs often seen on roadsides for cad cam. Thermal ink jet plotters generally use heat to apply droplets of ink, while piezoelectric plotters use charged crystals of ink. Ink jet graph plotter use to produce better quality graphics than other.[2]
Inkjet Plotter
Specifications of Standard Ink jet Plotter:
When we will buy Ink jet Plotter for computer aided design printing we should check some specifications which are given below- [1]
[label type=”label” title=”Attribute Name“]
[label type=”label” title=”Value“]
Product Category
CAD
Machine Category
Ploter
Product Name
Ink jet Graph Plotter
Product Model
iEcho
Product Class
New
Origin
made in china
Brand/Manufacturer
graphtec
Agent of Bangladesh
Yes
Power
NA
Temperature
NA
Certification
FOB, CFR, EXW, CIF
Production Capacity
30 Sets Per Day
Printing / Plotting Width
30″ and 34″
Max Resolution
180*185dpi
Connection
USB Interface for CAD plotter
Files Compatible.
Iso, Hpgl, Hpgl2, Astm, Aama, Dxf for CAD Plotter
Number of Head
2
Head One
Cartidge 45
Head Two
Cartidge 45
Description
Ink plotter-Garment CAD CAM, Garment cadd Economy Inkjet Plotter ink plotter Printing speed can reach 70 m2/hour when resolution is 180*185dpi, and the speed is not influenced by density/shape/size/explanation/Qty.
[1] Kh. Mashiur Rahman, Garments Automachine Technologist, www.autogarment.com [2] S.M. Bappy Rana, B.Sc in Textile Engineering, Bangladesh University of Business & Technology (BUBT), Bangladesh
CAD Software means Computer Aided Design software which support dxf, dwf, dwg, HPGL2, mrk and plt file format. The design which is created by the help of computer is called CAD. Most of the IT based companies provide the customers the specific needs of their CAD sectors. Sometimes customers demand customized CAD system as they can convert the file system like pdf to dxf and dwg to pdf. [2]
Advantages of CAD System:
Reduction in waste percentage of up to 10%
Reduction in sample making time of camcad
If no seam allowance on the original pattern, double lines may occur on the converted pattern. In this example there is a green straight line and red dashed line on top of each other. Use ”delete line” function to delete the dashed line.
Seam allowance
Zoom in to see the double lines. If needed move one of the lines to see which one is correct/ not dashed
Zoom
Visualize all points
Use ”decrease point” function
If needed – decrease more points manually
Some points need to be re-characterized to get the same shape as the original
After decreasing points check the pattern carefully
After decreasing points Compare the shape with original pattern
After decreasing points Zoom in actual area when comparing shape
After decreasing points Marry with neighbor pieces to check lines
After decreasing points Measure
Compare pattern piece with reduced points on top of original pattern piece
Zoom in actual area when comparing shape
Adjust the line to match original pattern shape exactly
Pattern piece with reduced points on top of original pattern piece must have exactly the same shape
Use ”marry” function to check that neighbor pieces still have smooth continuous lines when ”sewn together”
Dwg to Jpg :
There are many tyeps of file format found about cad – computer aided design software name as dxf, dwf, dwg, HPGL2, mrk, iba, plt etc. Generally dwg to jpg file conversion is very essential for designers. All manufacturer have develop their own file format of CAD for the machines. They have developed also common types of file format of CAD as it can be compatible with other machines. Bellow shown some file system with brand. [1]
DWG View
Extension
Brand
.IBA
Pattern File Lectra
.MDL
Pattern File Lectra
.VET
Pattern File Lectra
.PLX
Marker File Lectra
.PLA
Marker File Lectra
.PDS
Pattern File Optitec
.TMP
Pattern and Marker File Gerber Accumark
.MRK
Marker File Optite
.DSP
Marker File Optite
.HPGL
Plot File
.PLT
Plt file format for plot
.DXF
Drawing Exchange Format
.AAMA
American Architectural/ Apparel Manufacturers Association, similar file with DXF
Lectra file system Machine parameter’s File system:
This element is used to locate the name and place of a machine parameter’s file system. At User rank, this element cannot be input or modified : the original parameter’s of the plotter will be used (TRAPARAM file system). At Master rank, it is possible to input the name of a machine parameter’s file system to be used, to describe a original machine parameter’s
Visualise Point
Lectra file system Garment or Marker Parameter File system:
This element is used to locate the name and place of a part, garment or marker parameter’s file system . At Master rank, it is possible to input the name of a parameter file system to be used, or to describe it by original in the library parameter’s. At User rank, this element cannot be input . If no original file system name has been described, the original parameter’s of the TRAPARAM file system will be loaded. The operator can modify the value of some parameter’s. If a original file system name has been described at Master rank, the values contained in this file system will be used, and the modifications made by the user in the geometry, text and operating parameter’s will have no effect. The Param.file system line is used to describe the name and place of a parameter file system. The input principle is identical to the one described for the name and place of the machine parameter’s file system. For plotting parts, as soon as a parameter file system is associated to a part to be plotted, it is automatically associated to all lines of the batch.
Sew Together
Lectra file system Referenced Text Library:
This element is used to locate the name and place of the library where are stored the text file systems, which contain the text to be plotted in a part. The name of the file system is referenced in the part file system with the CAD software. A parameter line is used to describe the name and place of the referenced text library. Input directly the access path or double-click on this line to display the selector. A original value can be allocated to this library in the library parameter’s. This element cannot be visualised in the work list.
Text Library
Lectra file system Information File system:
This element is used to locate the name and place of the “Label” file system to be used. This file system describes the nature and presentation of the informationrmation which will plotted inside each form according to the selected operating mode. These file systems (Part information , Marker information, Garment information) can only be created by a Master rank user. The Information file system line is used to describe the name and place of the label format file system. The input principle is identical to the one described for the name and place of the machine parameter’s file system. A original value can be allocated to this library in the library parameter’s. This element cannot be visualised in the work list.
HPGL:
HPGL was the primary printer control language used by HP plotters. It later became a standard for almost all plotters.HPGL2 is the extendded version of HPGL [1]
HPGL File System
HPGL2:
The original HPGL language of CAD did not support the definition of line width. Production of the first inkjet plotters, line width for the pens specified within the HPGL files had to be set at the printer so it would know what line width to print for each pen, a cumbersome and error-prone process. After developing HPGL2, definition of line width was introduced into the language and allowed for elimination of this step. [1]
HPGL2 File System
What is a Dxf File?
DXF stands for Drawing eXchange Format. It is possible to convert from dxf to pdf. Since its initial release in 1982, there have been many changes to the DXF file format specifications.
IBA and DXF – same shape but more points in DXF
DXF more safe for the shape
IBA and mdl sometimes need to check for additional information
Important to check if there is any text information in other file types
DXF File System
DWG Support HPGL2 :
DWG format is a binary file format used for storing two and three dimensional design data and metadata. In addition, DWG vieweris supported non-natively by many other CAD applications. There are some software available in market of dwg to pdf converter, dwg viewer. [1]
DWG File System
Dwf Viewer:
Design Web Format – DWF is a secure file format of dwf viewer developed by autodesk for the efficient distribution and communication of rich design data to anyone who needs to view, review, or print design files. [1]
DWF File System
Plt Viewer:
The PLT file format system run by plt viewer which is stands for Auto CAD plotter Document. The Autodesk Auto CAD program uses plt viewer for the vector graphic plotter files created using the specified program. [1]
PLT File System
[1] Engr. Kh. Mashiur Rahman, Garments Auto Machine Technologist, Web: www.autogarment.com, Email: [email protected], Cell: +88 017 92 52 53 54 [2] Md. Shakhawat Hossain Sujan, Bachelor of Science in Textile Engineering, City University of Bangladesh (4th year)
