The fusing machine has always been a bit of a problem because there are many different types of fusing. The fusing cannot be too thin, as the bone in collar will be visible especially on white materials. The rolling space should not measure more than a few Millimeters
Factories do use different bias tolerances for skin, patch and collar band. In Bangladesh, Peter Kwong and Mr Turan made some experiments with the following bias tolerances as follows: skin 35% patch 23% band 9%. The sample collars from Bangladesh look good. We, in Brussels, received many different collars from Different factories like: China factory, Gin-Win, Bangladesh factories
Weekly production planning status report of Fusing Machine
Fabric inspection report
No fusing, pressing, button stitch/buttonhole, snap button attach machine, bartack and body form available in the sample room.
Hard pattern, knitting chart, board pattern for pressing without pattern maker/checker’s name, signature, seal & date. Customer and order number to be mentioned as well.
Garment & sweater panel wash test records and reference sample found inconsistent with production records.
Daily production report
Trims/ Accessories inspection report.
Inventory record for fabrics & accessories.
Cutting inspection report spreading market, 100% cut panel etc.
Fusing check report and the log book of calibration
Fabrics, accessories, trims and components in sample room are not kept on shelves or racks or pallets with cover. Storage of samples, trims & accessories is not appropriate and not tidy. Poor housekeeping.
Insufficient lighting found in sample room. Should
Calibration records for each fusing machine missing and date of calibration and expiry date not mentioned on machine.
Air conditioning non purified water kept in the fusing room & the water is dropping down into into a bucket near where fused parts are kept
Production file to should contain the following: all kinds of test reports, approved trim card, sample comments, make sheet, spec, pre-production meeting record, trial cut record, first output comments etc.
Fabric needs to be sent to interlining supplier to obtain data sheet (temperature/pressure/timing) on fusing conditions during sampling stage.
Inline/ End line inspection report
Daily measurement report
Final inspection (Final audit, Pre final ) report
Third party audit report for last year
Snap pull test record
Fabric relaxation record-Knits (with date & time)
All measuring must be calibrated.
Other Issue
Horizontal Splits .
Horizontal Splits .
Sample Machines .
Sample Machines .
Sample Machines .
Dryers/Extractors
Dryers .
Dryers .
Extractors .
Extractors: .
Boilers
Boiler 750 ton/each
Type of boiler fuel
Types of Machines
Washers
Open Pockets .
Open Pockets .
Open Pockets .
Horizontal Splits .
Horizontal Splits .
Horizontal Splits .
Sample Machines .
Sample Machines .
Sample Machines .
Dryers/Extractors
Dryers .
Dryers .
Extractors .
Extractors: .
Boilers
Boiler 750 ton/each
Type of boiler fuel
Types
Wet Processing
Cellulose enzyme wash
Stone wash
Desize rinse
Garment dyeing (direct/reactive dye)
Dip dye
Sandblasting
Number of blasting nuzzles
Blasting Materials
Aluminum oxide
Garnet
Hand brushing
Tonello/hand brushing machine
Machines for shirt/jacket brush
Machines for paint brush
Specialty finishes
Rubber ball wash
Tinting (direct/reactive dyestuffs)
Pattern dyeing/blasting
Coating
Types of Fusing
Thickness
of fusing:
We
would like to advise the thickness
grams per M2 of the fusing as shown in list below. The list will help all
parties Brussels buying, Mondial and the factories.
The
list:
The list below: Fusing thickness has been selected and put together for shirts made in regular poplin material 40’s 50’s yarn . Please do use one step thinner fusing machine when the thickness of the material is thicker than poplin Like (dobby weave/oxford). I would say one step
thinner on thicker material as follows: If
the fusing on poplin is 3630 use 3620
this would then be for the 1st and 2nd layer and collar
band too.
Cuff
fusing:
We can always use the same fusing like 1st
layer of the collar
Placket
fusing:
This fusing can be on a roll, the fashion
is not thick and stiff plackets. The
placket needs to be soft and smooth.
Starting
point:
The list bellow is an attempt to start
putting some information together and can be changed at all times for better
results
Name
Bone yes/no
-X-piece yes/no
1st layer grams-m2
2nd layer grams-m2
Collar bandGrams-m2
Cuff grams-m2
Shark wide spread
Inside
No
w3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent wide spread
Inside
yes
w3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or w3640/170gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Button down
no
yes
w3610/85gr
w3620/108gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Alfie
yes
yes
w3620/108gr
w3630/146gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Cosmo
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Dean (soft collar thick stitching)
no
yes
w3610/85gr
w3620/108gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Executive –1mm
remov
yes
3620/108gr
3630/146
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Executive –5mm
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Wing
(special collar)
no
no
3610/80gr
3010/80
none
Zaza
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Button down small
no
yes
3610/80gr
109
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Rafca
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Button down casual
no
yes
3610/80gr
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Gyorgy -B-D
no
yes
3610/80gr
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent-2
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165
or 3640/170
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Cut away
inside
no
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Double button
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Emilio
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
New Alfie
inside
yes
3620/108gr
3630/146gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Double button cut away
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Pharell -B-D
no
yes
3010/80gr
3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
H-B Long tip
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Cut away top store
inside
No
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr or
3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent Westbury
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr or
3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent Canda
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Vario
(special collar)
inside
none
3040r
No
band
3040r
Kent 9138
inside
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Button under
no
w3620/108gr
145
?
Same as 1st
layer collar
Cut away Westbury
inside
No
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Emilio
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent Italy
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Mac coy
inside
No
X piece
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Helmut
inside
No
X piece
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Christian
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Hans
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Kent-1
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Vincent triple button
no
yes
3010/80gr
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Celio
inside
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
3630/146gr
Kent 1055
inside
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
New H-B
inside
No
X piece
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Collar 1895
no
No
X piece
w3610/85gr
w3620/108gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Doc- Holiday
no
No
X piece
w3610/85gr
w3620/108gr
w3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Father
no
No
piece
3010/80gr
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Gable
yes
yes
3630/146gr
Fiyi/165gr
or 3640/170gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Raf
no
No
piece
3010/80gr
w3620/108gr
3630/146gr
Same as 1st
layer collar
Double Sherlock
3010/80gr
3010/80gr
3630/146gr
w3620/108gr
Conclusion
Fusing Machine -The function of the placket fusing is only to reinforce the buttonhole and help the stitching of the placket edge.
Samples of packaged/folded garments & trim cards are not displayed in the packing area. Must also be displayed in the finishing area. Reference sample displayed not similar to running order. Displayed standard without signature.
No random check during finishing, no 100% check after finishing. Presentation needs to be checked 100%.
All packaging accessories (hangtag, kimbal, size sticker etc) to be checked 100% prior to packing in carton.
No thread sucking machine available. SEwing Thread and removal must be sufficient.
Properly set-up spot cleaning room not available for each finishing section to include compressed air gun, vacuum, spot lifter, mask, gloves, tap with running water and exhaust fan.
Bottleneck in production areas, i.e. areas not well balanced and organised. Workflow could not be verified as not sufficient work available.
Inadequate lighting in finishing section. Required lighting should be 60-80 FC.
No initial random inspection during packing. No pre-final AQL inspection based on customer’s AQL.
Factory does not have pull test equipment on site.
Metal detection machine found unable to detect test card during on site calibration.
Other Compliance Issue
During the factory visit it was noted that –
Fire hose box responsible person list was not posted.
Fire Hose box sign was not posted.
Emergency light sign was not posted.
Combustible Material (Wooden Box) found under and near the machines.
Floor Evacuation Plan was not posted on every Exit.
Aisles Arrow marking was missing.
Rubber mat missing under all SDB & MDB.
Fire Alarm Switch & alarm sign not posted.
ire extinguisher user instruction was not posted every area.
Fire hose boxes/Cabinet user instruction was not posted.
Fire hose box locked by key & keys were not keeping with the hose boxes.
Fire hose box responsible person list was not posted.
Fire Hose box sign was not posted.
Emergency light sign was not posted.
Emergency Staircases Secondary handrail was not installed.
Staircases Identification (Name of floor and staircase number).
P A System was not installed.
Fire hose boxes/Cabinet user instruction was not posted.
Fire hose box locked by key & keys were not keeping with the hose boxes.
System was not installed.
During the factory visit it was noted that –
Toilet sign was not posted.
Toilet (Number of toilet) layout was not posted.
Drinking water test report was not posted.
Drinking water sign was not posted.
Floor waste keeping area sign was not posted.
No smoking sign was not posted.
Notice board was not found.
First aid Box was not found.
Floor wise First aider, Fire fighter & Rescue team list was not posted.
PPE Use sign was not posted.
rtificial Respiration instruction was not posted.
Chemical Handling was not maintained properly.
int built up in ceiling at woven label section.
AC Control Room sign was not posted.
Stair -1 Block by electrical Item.
Rubber mat missing under all SDB & MDB.
Floor Evacuation Plan was not posted on every Exit ( Near Staircases)
Aisles arrow marking was missing.
Fire Alarm Switch & alarm sign not posted
Fire extinguisher user instruction was not posted every Point.
Fabric Relaxation Machine should be cleaned before and after use.
Check the electrical connection before start the machine.
Check On/Off button and on the machine
After start the machine on the light switch.
Fabric should place in correct way in the machine to start the inspection on the machine.
You should be work carefully to keep away from rolling point.
To stop the machine during Emergency by putting emergency stop button.
If you feel any problem of the Relax dryer machine, stop and inform to senior mechanics.
Donot use the machine and its parts unnecessary.
Mind it, work savely and maintain safety procedure to avoid accident.
Cutting
No procedure for fabric relaxation time established based on fabric content and type
No internal standard for spreading length/height based on fabric type
Band knife machines have no safety guards and are not sectioned off from the rest of production
Cutting knifes do not have cables trailing above the table but rather on the floor
Accuracy checks of cut pieces top, middle and bottom layer against the master pattern not carried out
Factory does not do 100% panel inspection on all panels, just on big panels
Cut panels not stored on rack or trolley (i/o pallet) and not covered
Warehouse
Some trims and accessories found without cover.
Fabrics to be stored according to shades as soon as inventory has been done.
Fabrics to be put into racks instead of pallets. If on pallets sufficient pallets must be provided for all fabric to be stored on pallets.
Insufficient space in yarn store. Housekeeping not well organised.
Bin cards on fabric should look smart and be sufficient in size written with capital block letters.
Inspectors of fabric/yarn are not well trained. Fabric inspection machine or inspection frame with light not available.
SOP for fabric inspection should be placed in front of the fabric inspection machine.
Workers should be well trained and aware of the procedure.
Top and bottom lights to be used during inspection.
Cuttings on Colour continuity cards should be grouped into shades. Not to have several shades in the same group on the same card.
Roll numbers need to be written on the fabrics.
Shrinkage reports (for steam & washing) should be kept with the fabric inspection report. Shrinkage tests are required for all kinds of fabric.
Accessory inspection is done on less than 10%. No inspection process for polybags & hangers, sewing thread or carelabels.
SOP for accessory inspection should be displayed and clearly mark accept and reject levels. Workers should be well trained and aware about the procedure.
Approved trim card with with signature and seal by the merchandiser should be available during accessory inspection.
Inconsistent inspection process for yarn and raw material inspection. Pass/fail criteria and major/minor defect classification in the inspection process not established.
Factory does not conduct fibre content verification for yarn. Yarn quality, weight & colour shade also not checked.
No light box equipment calibration records available. No grey scales available. George light source requirements not known i.e. primary light TL84 / secondary light D65.
Leftover garments, fabrics, yarns stored together with rejects, should be kept separate. Separate zones are needed for leftover and rejected fabric, leftover and rejected accessories and leftover and rejected garments.
Inadequate light observed in raw material inspection area. Should be at least 80FC.
Cutting/Sweater
Records & reference swatches for colour continuity checked for each dye lot of yarn need improvement.
WIP of cutting to be between 1-2 days.
No fabric relaxation guidelines or equipment available. Essential key properties for yarn, like yarn size, yarn weight, knit ability, torquing, shading, loop distortion, dirty marks, uneven dye, absence of knot and foreign contamination are not checked during yarn inspection.
Shade bands are not displayed in the workstation. No adequate documentation in place to ensure that shades are separated during spreading in the cutting section. Maintenance card/register for winding machines not maintained.
No SOP (Standard Operation Procedure) for spreading technique such as height and length based on fabric properties, weight, thickness, stretch and recovery as well as pattern and design or segregation and handling of light colour yarns.
Length should be no more than 10 mtrs (Woven) and 3 mtrs (Jersey).
No auto spreading equipment available.
There should be a manual for cutting techniques (e.g. stripes, checks, height, length etc).
For check fabrics length should be no more than 10 mtrs.
Contrast colour strings should not be used to tie bundles to avoid colour transfer.
Knitting stations found with many different colours mixed in between them, without the workstations being separated by plastic sheets.
Inadequate lighting in knitting section. Should be 80FC or above.
Cut parts should be either on racks or trolleys (preferred) or if stored underneath the cutting tables must be kept in poly- or fabric bags.
Fabric rolls should be kept on pallets by order and shade and not under the cutting table.
Knitting operators use design chart that is not in local language and weight is not mentioned. Some other written procedures not in local language and without technician’s approval.
Some operators share a design chart.
Panels should be inspected 100% not just big panels for example. Reports must be reviewed with percentage of rejection mentioned.
No 100% inline inspection for knitted panels found with random measurement check and records maintained.
No SOP established to ensure shade consistency of returned yarns.
Inadequate lighting found in linking section. Should be at least 80 FC.
No pre-established standard from interlining supplier available during production.
Contrast colour strings should not be used to tie bundles to avoid colour transfer.
Some lamps found not working and fixed with gumtape.
Lighting must be 60-80FC in all areas. Any inspection areas must be no less than 80FC.
Conclusion
Fabric Relaxation Machine -Poor line balancing or line balancing could not be verified, as not enough work was available during audit.
Logistics Company -We are international logistics company located .
Shipments Instructions
• Vendors must ship “complete” purchase orders. Partial shipments are not accepted. • Inaccurate data often creates additional freight charges, improper routing, or delays and may result in charge backs to the vendor and/or loss of factory load privilege. • Vendors must ensure carton markings, shipping documents, and vendor documentation have the same DC prefix PO numbers and vendor style numbers as listed on the purchase order/Shipping Instruction.
Booking Requirement:
For authorization to ship cargo, vendors must submit a booking request to the Forwarder by country and port. • Asia origin freight must be booked fourteen (14) days prior to cargo ready date. • Booking requests must contain complete and accurate information or could result in booking refusal and cause a delay in shipping.
J-SCRAY: This stage is very first stage which the fabric is completely opened up i.e. prepared for the further finishing process with the help `of roller & j-scary.
MERCERIZATION BATH: Fabric is mercerized in the caustic solution with (150-200) gpl concentration. Mercerization enhances the lustrous and smoothening effect of the fabric.
SKEW ROLLER: The skew roller helps to stretched the fabric width wise so that the fabric can easily clipped by clip holder. These clips stretched the fabric to avoid shrinkage.
HOT WASH: In the hot wash process, caustic solution is removed .fabric passed through different bath to completely remove the caustic solution.
NEUTRALIATION BATH: Green acid is used to neutralize the fabric .The caustic solution treated fabric is passed through the green acid to neutralize the fabric .If the fabric s not neutralize then it cause harmful effects to the human body.
DRYING: A drying range of ten dry cans is meant for drying fabric .this is wetted at padder .Moisture meter is attaching to the fabric to monitor the amount of moisture in the fabric.
There are various processes are done in the soaper machine.
Mercerization process:
Caustic sol – 150gpl
Decol – 1 gpl
QWNI – 4 gpl
Finishing Machines and Process
The speed off finishing range is kept around 40-42mpm and 6 workers operators are employed for this range.
Four types of machines are being used in the finishing process:
Finishing
Mercerization machine
Soaper machine
Stenter machine
FINISHING MACHINE (Shrinkage control)
PROCESS SEQUENCE:-
Cradle lift off & j- scray
↓
Brushing
↓
Singing
↓
Padder
↓
Skew stretch unit
↓
Drying
↓
Dancer roll
↓
Sanforising
↓
Palmer
↓
Cooling roller
CRADLELIFT OFF & J-SCRAY
This stage is very first stage which the fabric is completely opened up i.e., prepared for the further finishing process with the help of roller and j-scary.
BRUSHING: After opening the fabric is set to brushing unit .4 brush rollers are present which rolls against the fabric to facilitate the removal of fly present on the fabric.
SINGING: It is done to burn the protruding fibres from surface of the fabric .it gives the fabric smooth & increase the lustier of the fabric .Gas singing is used in this unit .Gas used is LPG.
PADDER
In this unit usually are used to increases the feel ,to increase the softness and improve the stitchablity of the fabric during garments preparation.
SKEW STRECH UNIT: The twill denim fabric (3/1,2/1). When wasted, due to fabric shrinkage ,the desired twill shifted i.e. right hand twill shifted towards, more right hand and left hand twill towards more left hands. Changing the appearance of fabric differently particularly of the stitched portion. In order to avoid this machine skew applied to fabric.
For R.H twill fabric: left hand skew given
For L.H twill fabric: right hand skew given
For 1/1: no skew
DRYING
There drying range each of ten dry cans is meant for drying fabric. This is wetted at padder .If not properly dried during sanforising & palmer crease will generate .
DANCER ROLLS:There are meant to control weft shrinkage or fabric width.
SANFORIZING: Here temporary warp shrinkage applied to the fabric by means of heat & water.
PALMER: Here the temporary shrinkage applied its sanforising get permanent
COOLING UNIT: Too cool down the fabric coming out the palmer.
Fabric Flame Retardancy is testing equipment which is sale by Testing Equipment Systems Limited. Flame resistant fabrics have different degrees of ability to stop flame spread. After leaving the flame source, burning of the fabrics can be quickly stopped. Most of the textiles are flammable. The fire caused by textiles also occurs from time to time. Usually, different textile materials have different chemical structures, their combustion performances are also various. Therefore, we should select different types of flame retardants and flame retardant methods for different types of fibre.
Flame Retardant Finishing Agent
Flame retardant finishing agent exerts the effect of flame retardant mainly through the next several approaches:The flame retardant forms a barrier on the surface of the fabrics, preventing the contact between the oxygen and the surface of the comburent.The flame retardant causes the cellulose fiber fabric to dehydrate and restrains the pyrolysis reaction to some extent.The flame retardant can be used as a transfer of free radicals under the heating conditions to prevent the radical reaction from proceeding, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardant.
Due to different types of textiles,flame retardant finishing agent can be divided into cotton flame retardant, wool flame retardants, silk flame retardant, synthetic fiber flame retardant, and blended fabric flame retardant,etc..According to the durability of flame retardant finishing agent，it can be divided into: temporary flame retardant finishing agents, it mainly refers to inorganic salts such as borax – boric acid (1: 1 or 7: 3), ammonium polyphosphate, phosphate, oxidized paraffin- antimony oxide and so on; Semi-durable flame retardant finishing agents such as halophosphorus compounds, urea-phosphoric acid (1: 1) and so on; Durable flame retardant finishing agents, such as THPC, the fabric can withstand more than 50 times of washing after it is treated with durable flame retardants, moreover, the fabric still retains well. According to the composition of different elements of flame retardant finishing agent, it can be divided into: phosphorus-based flame retardant, phosphorus is its main compound and it also includes halogen and nitrogen. (The synergistic effect of phosphorus and halogen is stronger than that of the flame retardant including only one element. Compared with the use of phosphorus alone, the synergistic effect of nitrogen and phosphorus synergies is stronger. Nitrogen can promote the carbonization of the fiber and prevent combustion). Ammonium polyphosphate, phosphates, tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium chloride are the common phosphorus-based flame retardants; Halogen-based flame retardant mainly includes bromine. It has the advantages of high efficiency, low dosage, low price, etc. The common halogen-based flame retardant includes hexabromocyclododecane, aromatic bromine compounds, chlorinated paraffin and so on; Boron-based flame retardants mainly include inorganic boric acid and borate, such as sand and boric acid: mixed use by the proportion of 1: 1 or 7: 3. This kind of flame retardant is applied earlier than the others. It is easy to handle and its flame retardant effect is good, but not washable; Nitrogen-based flame retardants includes melamine, phosphate and so on; Blended flame retardants includes phosphorus based-nitrogen based flame retardants, phosphorus-boron based flame retardants and so on.
Flame Retardant Finishing Process
Flame retardant finishing process is a process of preparing flame retardant finishing liquid, which contains flame retardants and other additives, in a certain temperature, time and other process conditions, to make the flame retardant and fabric have chemical reaction or the flame retardant deposition fix on the fabric surface to obtain the effect of flame retardant. If flame retardant and the fabric finished is different, the flame retardant finishing process will be different. It mainly includes padding-baking method, impregnating-drying method, organic solvent method, coating method, etc.. Padding-baking method is the most widely used method in flame retardant finishing process. The flame retardant effect obtained in padding-baking method can resist to washing for several times, which is a durable finishing process. Take cotton fabric flame retardant finishing as an example:
Process: pad flame retardant finishing liquid (two times of dipping and two times of rolling, the picking-up rate is 70% -80%) → drying (80-100 ℃) → baking (160 ℃, 3 min) → washing → drying.
Padding finishing liquid is generally composed of flame retardants, catalysts, additives, penetrant and some other ingredients. Confect it to aqueous solution or emulsion to finish. The picking-up rate can be adjusted according to the demand of flame retardant performance. Drying is usually carried out at about 100 ° C. The baking temperature is determined by different types of flame retardants, catalyst and fiber.
Test the Flame Retardant Finishing Effect
(1) Vertical method
Testing instruments and materials vertical flammability tester, stopwatch, fabrics, dividing ruler. Front Door
Sample Holder Support
Sample Holder
Sample Holder Fixture Flame Height Measure Device
EDM Device Igniter 8. Vent Doors
Heat and Corrosion Resistant Material Board
Safety Switch Roof Panel 12. Control Panel
(2) Testing principle
The vertical method is carried out on a vertical burning tester. Use the samples of certain size which have had the flame retardant finishing to do the combustion test. To measure its combustion performance according to the burning time, smoldering time and damage length.
(3) Testing method
Sample preparation: take the samples of latitude direction and longitude direction respectively 5 pieces which have had he flame retardant finishing, the size is 300 mm × 80 mm.
Place the sample in a sample holder of a vertical burning tester and fix it vertically.
Connect the air supply, press the ignition button, and then the ignition is on, adjust the flame, so that it is in a stable height of 40 mm ± 2 mm.
The igniter turns off automatically after 12 seconds of ignition and resets.
Test the continued burning time, the smoldering time of the sample (accurate to 0.1s)
Remove the sample holder, remove the sample and fold it in two along the length direction, hang on the required heavy hammer on one lower end side of the sample, slowly lift another lower end side of the sample to measure the damage length, that is charcoal length (accurate to 1mm)
Testing Equipment Systems Limited
Add Daojiao, Dongguan city, P. R. China
Tel +86 769 2329 4842
Mob +86 158 7646 8074
Email marketing3@tes.hk
Web : www.TestexTextile.com
