After 3 days new style output , need get capacity in each operator to find out the line bottle neck areas and each bottleneck operations need to have a plan to improve by using method and time study tools. By using this capacity studies and technique of Engineered Garments line has to re-balance to solve the bottle necks. Required monitoring of each individual operator efficiency till the line reached their plan targets. Production account team will monitoring the hourly production in each line and will update progress in hourly basic. Line R&D officer will update the line blanching graph as per actual output so that easy to identify the fall back operation and can take the action fast , Also Line balancing graphs of Garments Worker required to get sign by PM/Factory Manager/GM.
What Is Line Balancing Preparation?
Study the Operation Bulleting along with the sample
Selecting the correct workers for each process by analyzing their past records.
Call up a meeting for Supervisors & Operators to make them understand of the new style and also new Targets, incentive, build up & Delivery date.
Skill requirement to be given to HR department for arranging additional Manpower.
Anticipate & emphasize on providing training on operations which can be a bottlenecks. Identification of the Line as per the Production Plan.
Instructions & Guidance given to COT by the Unit Head.
Stitching 2 pcs of Sample by, Line supervisor and Sr. Line Supervisor, and Line Quality Supervisor will follow up the quality points.
Target rates been considered & verified while the sample is been made.
A meeting called by the Unit Head to review the PP Sample.
All the points are discussed, clarified & understood by the COT.
Any construction, method or attachment issue will be cleared.
What Is Line Balancing With Engineered Garments?
Every engineered garments process officers need to involve for the improvements their own line.
Need to keep records of old and new method etc..Photos/video clips.
Engineered garments need involved of the cost Saving activities to get the best productivity for the company
Every Line of engineered garments need to do 3 improvements per week for the Goal
Operator skill monitoring & update need to done daily basic
Fabric & Operation analysis.
Mock up making in critical operation with using correct folder/gauge and attachments
Method studies
Machine, gauge, folder & Manpower requirement and availability
Understand the Operation Bulletin and Machine Layout
Review the Production plan
Training start if required in critical operations
Garment Manufacturing Process – Review Meeting
Required study closely the new Style Construction with Sketch or Sample
Highlight the area that Construction need to be Changed for the photo ( development ) sample
Compare with similar styles construction & finalized easy methods with available machinery
R&D manager , Maintenance manager , Technical head, concern Merchandiser, Sample Head , Unit head , Quality Manager need to be attend the style review meeting
Comments & suggestions need to apply for the new style & if required need to send the mock up for Buyer to get it approval through Merchandiser,
Need to keep the records of SMV saving.
First initial Bulletin need garment manufacturing process within 2 days of Review meeting.
Once we received the approved Sample, will finalize the bulletin. Final bulletin need to get approved from Factory Manager/ GM.
Line Target has to go to the R&D Dept. machine, manpower, work station, special machine with attachment & critical operation need to be identified and calculate.
If any Construction changes required, it has to be taken in -writing for change the bulletin.
Machinery / Attachments / Gauge/ Manpower requirements need to calculate for next 3 months. If any Special Machine/Gauge/attachment/folders required, it has to be address well in advance to Factory Manager/GM.
Garment Manufacturing Process – Special Foot Arrangements
Every new style Folder requirement need to submit after fit approval sample received.
If required special pressure foots, gauge or attachment will advise to the maintenance department before 30 days of bulk.
New Styles Sticker/Cage placement need to mark in mini marker and will confirm the placement after discussed with PM, IE and Cutting manager ( before size set or pilot run cut)
This Sticker placements will be given to CAD dept after having proper signatures by Technical / Cutting Manager / Quality manager /R&D /Factory Manager/GM
After analysis pilot run, if required to change any sticker/cage placements it should be informed in proper in writing to the CAD dept
Checklist for Pilot run before 15 days to input
Operation bulleting and Machine Layout Availability of Fabrics & Trims
Size set approval
PP sample approval
Mock up making for Critical operations
Technical File & PP Approved Sample
Folder and Attachments in-house
Micro Mc planning for pilot line
Garment Manufacturing Process
Garment Manufacturing Process – PP Meeting
Meeting with complete production Factory Manager/ PM /Line Chief / Supervisor/QA/ Maintenance / R&D need to be discuss.
All Process Parameters, Special precaution in the process, Process check list with responsibility
Quality Plan with responsibility.
Trims & Accessories in house status.
Critical operation need to discuss and quality points.
Complete changing the first 40% of operations within the first day.
Change up to 70 % within 2 days.
Get the first Line output by 3rd day
Engineered Garments – Change Over Team
Team Leader – Sr. Line Supervisor
Front, Back & Assembly Supervisor.
R&D officer
Quality Supervisor
Mechanic In-charge & Assistant
Electrician
Minimize the wastage during garment manufacturing process
Wastage of material:
Thread
Stationery utensils &
Fabric
Minimizing way:
By reducing rejection.
By reducing alteration.
By reducing consumption &
By creating consciousness.
Wastage of Human Hour:
By Motivation.
By developing working method.
By reducing unnecessary use of Man/Machine.
By ensuring available supply of materials.
By reducing the material handling (by keeping them in the minimum distance)
By reducing unnecessary movement.
By grow up consciousness
Importance of garment manufacturing process
To reduce unnecessary work or excessive work.
Maximum utilization of resources.
Reduced additional expenditures.
Time reduced.
Productivity increase.
To find the best method.
Effective production planning & controlling.
Method Study: Method Study is the systematic recording and critical examination of existing & proposed ways of doing work, as a means of developing & applying easier & more effective methods & reducing costs.
Objectives of Method Study:
Improvement of process & procedure.
Improvement in the design of plant & equipment.
Improvement of layout.
Improvement in the use of men, materials & machines.
Economy in human effort & reduction of unnecessary fatigue.
Improvement in safety standards.
Development of better working environment.
Method Study Procedure: SREDDIM is key word of Method study procedure.
Steps:
Select
Record
Examine
Develop
Define
Install
Maintain
Work Measurement: Work Measurement is an application of techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified worker to carry out a specified job at a defined level of performance.
Techniques of Work Measurement
Techniques of Work Measurement:
Time study.
PMTS
Work Sampling.
Synthesis from standard data.
(Analytical Estimating & Comparative Estimating.)
IE Tools, Terms & Techniques:
SMV & Efficiency: It is the time required to complete one piece of garment by a qualified(standard) operator at standard condition.
Efficiency: Efficiency is a ratio of produce minute & spent minute.
Efficiency Formula:
(Production *SMV)/(M/P*Hour*60)*100
Bottleneck & Line balancing:
Bottleneck: Minimum Production capacity work station of a line is called “Bottleneck Position.”
Result of Bottleneck:
Production Loss.
Productivity Fail.
Bad Quality.
Increase cost of manufacturing.
Reason of stain(dirty, oil).
Indiscipline work station.
Long lead time.
Line balancing: Equal distribution of workloads in each work station of a working line is called line balancing.
Objective of Line balancing:
Everyone is doing the same amount of work.
No one is overloaded.
No one is waiting.
Everyone working together in a BALANCED fashion.
Techniques of Line balancing:
Split the task.
Share the task.
Use Parallel work station.
Improving Non-bottleneck Process.
Production & Productivity:
Production: Production may simply be defined as the function of acquiring inputs and transforming them into outputs desired by customer.
Productivity: Productivity is a ratio to measure how well an organization converts input resources into goods & services.
Different types of Productivity measures:
Single factor Productivity.
Multi factor productivity.
Total factor productivity
Operation Bulletin/ M/C Breakdown: Operation bulletin is a listing of the content of a job by elements. A garment consists of some parts & some group of operations. Operation bulletin means to writing down all parts & all process/operation after one another lying with the complete garment according to process sequence. It is a must to write down the estimated SMV & type of machine beside each & every process.
Allocate the M/P & Job design:Product type wise M/P allocation & Proper job design is most important thing for better Productivity. Job design involves specifying the content & methods of jobs. Job design focus on:
What will be done in a job ?
Who will do the job ?
How the job will done ?
Where the job will be done ?
Tools for job design:
Job Enlargement.
Job Rotation.
Job Enrichment.
Data base maintain:
SMV data bank.
Skill Matrix.
Operation Bulletin Bank etc.
VSM: Value Stream Mapping is a method of visually mapping a product’s production path (Material & Information) from door to door.
The Steps-VSM
Product Family of engineered garments
Current State Drawing
Future State Drawing
Plan & Implementation
Benefits of VSM
VSM helps to:
Visualize the product flow.
Show links between information, material & process.
Identify source of waste.
Establish clear future vision for the value stream.
Prioritize improvement activities.
Focus attention on key activities that will improve the lead time.
And reduce the total cost of product.
OEE: OEE is a best practices way to monitor & improve the effectiveness of your manufacturing process. OEE helps to:
Availability
Performance
Quality
Calculation of OEE: OEE=Availability*Performance*Quality
Where,
# Availability=(Planned Production Time-Down Time)/Planned Production Time
# Performance= (Total Production*SMV)/Total Operating Time
# Quality= Good Pieces/Total Pieces
The Goal & Benefits of OEE Measurement
Awareness of losses.
Verification that established objectives have been achieved.
Comparison of results in time.
Better Productivity & Profitability.
Wastage :Waste is anything that does not contribute to transforming a part to the customers needs.
Two types of actions for WASTE
Waste= can be 100% eliminated.
Waste= can be reduced of simplified.
Waste has major effect on……….
Labor utilization………to maximize labor working time.
M/C utilization……….to maximize NDT (needle down time).
Space utilization……….to reduce cost related to WIP, Inventories etc.
Type of Wastage: TIMUWOOD is the key word of 8 Wastage.
Underutilizing people.
Over production.
Over processing.
Lean Manufacturing: A systematic approach to identifying and eliminating or reducing waste (non-value added activities) through continuous improvement by flowing the product at the pull of the customer in pursuit of perfection. Lean Benefits
Cost
Defects
Lead time
Inventory
Space
Waste
Productivity
Customer satisfaction
Profit
Customer respnsiveness
Capacity
Quality
Cash flow
On time delivery
Lean Tools & Techniques:
5s (Workplace Organization)
Visual control system
Quick changeover
Cellular manufacturing(Team work)
TPM(Total Productive Maintenance)
Kanban(Instruction card)
Kaizen
Standardization
Mistake Proofing
Jikoda
The work study Practitioner: The work study practitioner should be wel-behaved & expert to relation buildup.He should be always overall qualified-
Honesty & Perseverance.
Creative & Indoustrious.
Highly intersted to work.
Desire to self-improvement.
Time management practice.
Situation controlling power.
Attractive Personlity &
Finaly he should be CONFIDENT.
Engineered Garments – Avoid Startup Losses
Study the Technical File & PP approved Sample with the TEAM prior to Pilot Run
Understand critical areas need special attention
Necessary Pattern adjustment before bulk cut.
Identification of critical operations
Required skill level
Training time if needed
Ensure the approval of pattern
Change the pattern in advance if needed
Ensure both cuts & Trims are available before start inputs.
Selecting operators with the correct skill
Educate & Motivate If need to change another operator
Encourage to achieve the set Target of the operation
Arrangement of folder, Templates & guides prior to the Pilot Run
Avoid Startup Losses
Setting of all required machines with attachments as per Machine lay-Out prior to start inputs.
All information regarding quality check points & standards made available.
Train the QCs on the above.
Avoid/minimize changes once sewing started.
Line Chief has to named list for the operators for each operation engineered garments
Engr. Kh. Mashiur Rahman, Garments Auto Machine Technologist, Web: www.autogarment.com, Please contact us by submitting a comment below on Leave a Reply box, Cell: +88 017 92 52 53 54
Ensure that all budgeted positions in the area filled with proper trained and equipped Engineers with technique. Ensure all relevant area of the manufacturing management receive proper support from industrial engineering. Participating in product development process to ensure effective start up of new styles. Assistant the managers in critical areas with work method, evaluate with tools , that will help to perform the line. Monitoring daily routing work of industrial engineering officer’s and production accounting. The other responsibility are listed below –
Finalize the operation bulletins, line targets, line balancing build up , for the new styles.
Close Follow up “ change over plan and COT “ for new styles.
Train operators for particular operation as needed for specific steps.
Continue to look for opportunity to implement work aids to reduce steps , time and cost
Ensure the department in management is consistency looking for method to reduce the cost and improve the efficiency
Labor utilization and line balancing follow up.
Method study activities in cutting ,sewing, finishing
Setting of Standard Minute Value for new operations.
Confirming of Standard Minute Value and line target.
Pre planning of man, machine and attachment requirements
Ensure to balance the skill in each sewing lines and factory workers grading, this will help to get operator skill ( history ) with their height archived target. This data will helps to HR to upgrade the operators in end of the year factory workers Skill analysis card
Factory Workers
Every operators are having individual skill card and slot to keep/her card in each line
This skill card will update operator skill operation wise by industrial engineering team
Each operator picture required to paste on the card
Operator required to sign on skill card to confirm his/her achieved high target
09 lines will be 09 clouds card
This card will use as KPI to evaluate each operator performance at the end of the year
line Supervisor is fully responsible to keep these card safe
If any operator achieved his/her operation highest target ( than before) ,this needs to update in back of the skill card
When factory workers up grade been done, dates to be written on the back of the skill card with op signature
Execute Of Commando Factory Workers Concept:
To balance the daily absenteeism/new style changeover/critical operations/machine breakdown. We are having 6 teams (1 team leader with 5 commando operators) and all factory workers will report to the GM and follow up by IE manager, each team leader are fully responsible to fill the “ pro card “ for each commando operators and daily required to get this card sign from IE Manager.
IE Procedure:
Help to production people for manpower balancing
Be present by 7.55 AM in the sewing floor.
Check line wise manpower.
Try to balance within the line & discuss with seniors & supervisor/APM.
If not possible to balance within the line, then line balance within the section but must discuss with seniors before balance.
If not possible to balance the line within the section, then R& D Officer discuss with seniors & others section R& D Officer & APM for balancing line.
If not possible to balance the line properly, you try to balance output area of the particular line to get the output of first hour and inform it to R & D manager within 9.00 AM.
Must observe the capacity & quality of new operator, if running operator absent.
Procedure of making Miss-use manpower report
Find out “Operator works as a helper” daily basis.
Make miss-use manpower report.
Miss-use manpower report sends to production manager.
Put star mark when operator works as a helper continuous basis (above 3 days).
Discuss with production people about reducing “Miss-use manpower” (daily/ weekly basis).
Procedure of making Un-authorized manpower report
Find out “Un-authorized manpower / idle manpower” daily basis.
Make Un-authorized manpower report.
Un-authorized manpower report sends to production manager.
Discuss with production people about reducing Un-authorized manpower.
Try to make Zero Un-authorized manpower & it’s considering KPI of RND officers.
Check plan, input, washing status etc.
Check production plans (If plan not clear then must discuss with RND manager).
Check input status (If input are not available according to sewing demand then need root cause against that problem).
Check washing status.
Collect data about shipment schedule, difficulties against shipment.
Meeting preparation
Set daily work plan according to JD & practical situation.
Set plan for performing weekly & monthly task according to your JD which is given by RND manager.
Noted problem, if you faced any problem or difficulties at sewing floor.
Attend IE meeting & approve your daily jobs
Attend IE meeting with daily work plan.
Approve your daily work plan by IE manager according to job load.
Analyze previous day efficiency report.
Collect efficiency ticket & provide to supervisor as soon as possible.
NPT report collect & SQDC board follow up.
NPT report collect form supervisor & ensure signature of all responsible personnel.
Manage production, quality & maintenance responsible personnel for fill up visual (SQDC) board. Check accuracy of visual board.
Discuss with senior floor management about the importance of SQDC, about sustainability, discuss & take action for improving efficiency, reducing DHU, reducing NPT, reducing hazard.
Check hourly production sheet according to their capacity (at least 2 times/ day).
Identify the actual bottle neck operation.
Perform basic work study (workplace engineering, motion study, motivation, etc.)
Find out line wise deviation between target & production.
Create check points for production monitoring.
Perform production study, if actual production is bellow than capacity.
Find out root cause, if actual output is bellow than target.
Firstly discuss with supervisor about this issue, then discuss with APM & IE manager then finally discuss with factory manager sir.
Calculate accurate NPT from sewing floor
Help to supervisor for calculate accurate NPT.
Provide on the job training to supervisor about NPT calculation system, importance for NPT calculation with documentation.
NPT data analysis & conduct meeting with supervisor & APM for reducing NPT.
Attend Evening meeting
Discuss about daily achievement & share with others people.
Learn from seniors (Layout, Operation standardization, Method study)
Discuss about next day plan
Make skill matrix
Make skill matrix (collect operator picture & operation capacity).
Skill matrix update weekly basis.
Skill matrix provides to supervisor monthly basis & visualize skill matrix monthly basis with record.
Perform capacity study & Make capacity graph & line balancing through capacity study
Perform capacity study, if allocated quantity is above than 4000 pieces but sometimes it depends on FM & IE
1st capacity study perform within 2nd
Identify below capacity operation.
Perform basic work study (Do the critical examination, develop material handling, reduce motion or share motion with nearest operation, etc.)
If motion reducing not possible, then try to balance with other operation.
Introducing new system to Supervisor, QC, APM & AQM.
Make capacity graph & submit to supervisor, APM & visualize.
Capacity graph updated, when you make change anything & again capacity graph submit to supervisor, APM & again update visual board.
Perform production study
After check capacity, if production is not up to the target level, it demands to do the production study.
Identify ineffective time & try to eliminate it.
If operator could achieve the production target, needs to get the signatures from operator & supervisor.
Fill up hourly sheet according to production of production study.
If production is not up to the target level then try to balance with others operations.
Give one copy of production study sheet to production manager.
Record of production study sheet for future reference.
Style change over record & analyze the way of reducing style changeover
Ensure Approved layout & flow chart copy sent to mechanics, production & quality department before feeding the line.
Allocate manpower with name & pin according to skill matrix.
Before line feeding RND officer must collect layout, flow chart, work instruction & measurement chart.
Define layout start time & date.
Write down machine preparation time & quality achieves time.
Perform basic work study (practice RFT, Material handling, Method, check estimated SMV, Right operator right place, individual efficiency, workplace engineering)
If operational time taken more than standard then write down root cause behind excess time.
If needed, to change any operation in the layout should be informed to the immediate senior of the IE
Check layout paper & make flow chart
Collect production plan from planner.
Collect sample from sample department as planned.
Collect operation breakdown & layout paper with SMV.
Check the layout paper according to skill matrix & actual floor situation.
If found any discrepancy, it needs discussion with the seniors & select the most suitable way to do layout.
Confirm the layout with discuss with production technical & finally confirm by IE manager with signature.
Send it to mechanics, production & quality department ASAP.
Compile a copy of the layout in the IE department for reference.
Make flow chart according to approved layout.
Perform PP meeting
You must collect layout paper before attend PP meeting.
Collect work instruction & measurement sheet from PP meeting & discuss about CTQ point.
Make Video library
Identify bottleneck operation & operation to be developed.
Record all present details (by video, drawing, capacity, production study, hourly production sheet).
Do the critical examination.
Develop the operation by engineering the workplace & improving motion.
Compare it with existing methods.
Introducing new method to supervisor & APM.
Establish the new methods.
Maintain it by regular routine checkup.
Ensure the quality level up to the standard.
Calculate financial advantage of this operation standardization.
Take video for department for future reference.
Provide training to supervisor & worker
Provide on the job training to supervisor & worker monthly basis.
Provide off the job training to supervisor & worker.
Training topics (off the job) must be approved by FM, HR & RND manager.
Documentation (take picture & attendance).
Worker assessment & record
Take informal viva about work experience, operational knowledge, observe attitude etc.
Verifying operation name which is fill up by supervisor.
Take cycle time.
Define grade according to company policy.
Send to production in charge for salary negotiation.
Audit 5S & make presentation
Audit sewing floor according to audit check list (3rd Week of every month)
Take picture, if found any discrepancy.
Make presentation by inserting picture at define presentation format.
Monthly present to supervisor & top management & give award to good supervisor according to 5S score.
Special jobs:
LPR update daily basis (8.30 to 9.30)
Make efficiency report by taking data from LPR, DHU & others report.
Report to RND manager(hard copy) within 9.30 am
Report to FM (hard copy) & mail to RND manager within 10.00 am.
Report to FM (hard copy) & RND manager (Hard copy & mail) within 11.30 am.
Report (hard copy) to all production managers by respective floor RND in-charge.
Make proposal for reducing miss-use & unauthorized manpower.
Miss-use manpower report (Individual floor IE in charge responsible)
Analysis miss-use manpower report (report to HR department when any operator or helper miss-use from 10 days) & report to RND manager of 1st week of every month.
Action taken against miss-use manpower with Production & HRD department.
Record all documents for future reference.
Un-authorized manpower report (Individual floor IE in charge responsible)
Summarized un-authorized (idle) manpower report monthly basis & report to IE Manager according to department policy.
SQDC board (Individual floor IE in charge responsible)
Ensure SQDC board completely fills up according to policy.
Take picture of SQDC board monthly basis & record for future reference.
Fill up hourly output monitoring sheet by supervisor/IE
Fill up others relevant information according to policy.
Take picture of hourly output monitoring sheet & record for future reference.
Skill matrix (Individual floor IE in charge responsible)
Visualize skill matrix to sewing floor & provide to supervisor monthly basis.
Record of all monthly updated skill matrixes for future reference.
Capacity study/graph (Individual floor IE in charge responsible).
Record all capacity (1st graph, 2nd graph…) sequentially.
Compare capacity improvement & productivity gap.
Production study (Individual floor IE in charge responsible).
Record production study status.
Take picture of hourly production sheet when you mention the improvement after performing production study.
Supervisor assessment
Assess supervisor monthly basis.
Visualize best supervisor to visual board.
Give award to best supervisor according to assessment.
Take picture of visual board & record all others relevant documents for future reference.
LPR update
LPR update daily basis (8.30 to 9.30).
Make efficiency report by taking data from LPR, DHU & others report.
Report to RND manager (hard copy) within 9.30 am.
Report to FM (hard copy) & mail to RND manager within 10.00 am.
Make monthly production summary report according to department format.
NPT report make
Make NPT report daily basis.
Summarize NPT report for weekly & monthly presentation.
Update NPT database.
Video presentation makes for standard operation.
Make awareness & help for operation standardization
Collect video & practically check the procedure of operation standardization.
Make video presentation according to defined format & update database.
Arrange monthly presentation.
CSR activities
Update blood donate status.
Internship data update.
5S Audit (Individual floor IE in charge)
Audit sewing floor according to audit check list (3rd Week of every month)
Take picture, if found any discrepancy.
Make presentation by inserting picture at define presentation format.
Monthly present to supervisor & top management & give award to good supervisor according to 5S score.
Training (Individual floor IE in charge)
Provide on the job training to supervisor & worker monthly basis.
Provide off the job training to supervisor & worker (How to calculate NPT, Efficiency, Productivity, Balancing technique, Layout paper, SMV, Operation chart, Motion reducing technique etc.).
Training topics (off the job) must be approved by FM, HR & RND manager.
Documentation (take picture & attendance).
Factory Workers Training & Up Date For The Special Operations.
Make sure to Monitor the skill level of the line for special operation,
Need to highlight in advance for the training in critical operations
These training needs to start at least 15 days before new style Input.
Those factory workers daily monitoring required till new style comes to the line.
Engr. Kh. Mashiur Rahman, Garments Auto Machine Technologist, Web: www.autogarment.com, Please contact us by submitting a comment below on Leave a Reply box, Cell: +88 017 92 52 53 54
The word polymer has come from two Greek work “poly” and “mer”. Poly means many or more & mer means parts/units. So we can say that polymer is a large molecule build up by the repetition of small & simple chemical unit called polymer. Example of polymer science and engineering are plastic, co-hasive fiber, vernisher, elastomer etc.
Acrylic Monomer :
The small and simple chemicals from which are build up is known as monomer. Acrylic monomer is the same or nearly same of the repetition units of polymer. Ethylene is the monomer of polyethylene. n CH2=CH2→ [-CH2-CH2-] monomer poly-ethelene(polymer)
Repeating Unit:
The small & simple chemical unit are repeated again & again during polymer formation.
nCH2=CH2→ [-CH2-CH2-]
Urethane Acrylate Oligomer :
The polymer those degrees of polymerization and molecular weight are up to 10 and 7 respectively is known an urethane acrylate oligomer .
[1] Imran Hossain, B. Sc. in Textile Engineering, Bangabandhu Textile Engineering College, Bangladesh
E textiles, also known as Digital Textile Design or smart textiles, are fabrics that enable digital components, and electronic textile to be embedded in them. Many intelligent clothing, smart clothing, wearable computing projects involve the use of electronic textiles. Today, metal fibers are finding new applications in the development of digital textile design. Electrically conductive fibers can be classified into two general categories, those that are obviously conductive and those that are individually treated to create conductivity.
History of Textile in Fabricland:
The basic things needed to build E textiles, conductive threads and fabrics have been around for over 1500 years. In particular, artisans have been wrapping fine metal foils, most often gold and silver, around fabric threads for centuries .For example, are embroidered with gold wrapped threads of fabricland.
At the end of the 18th century, as people developed and grew accustomed to electronic designers and engineers began to combine electricity with clothing and jewelry developing a series of illuminated and motorized necklaces, hats, broaches and costumes in fabricland.
Manufacturing Process of Performance Textiles:
Metallic fibers are finding new applications in the development of electronic textiles in worldwide
Performance of Digital Textile
Benefits of Electronic Textile:
Flexibility
No wires to snag environment
Large surface Area
Invisible
Cheap engineering
Construction of Electronic Textiles:
Lily Pad Arduino
Fabric kit.
Aniomagic
Flora
Conductive fabrics and textiles are plated or woven with metallic elements such as silver, nickel, tin, copper, and aluminum these are: electro-nylon, electro-nylon nickel, clear-mesh, soft-mesh, electro-lycra and steel-cloth. They are lightweight, flexible, durable, soft and washable (some) and can be sewn like traditional textiles, which makes them a great replacement for wires in computational garments.Conductive threads and yarns have a similar purpose to wires and that is to create conductive paths from one point to another.
Development of Performance Textiles:
Some of the most advanced functions that have been demonstrated in the lab include performance textiles-
Digital Textile on Fabricland
Materials of Digital Textile :
Shape memory alloys
Piezoelectric
Chromic
Photo chromic
Chromic inks
Nano materials
Microfibers
[1]Md. Ashraful Alam Masum, B.Sc.in Textile Engineering, BUBT
