Ensure compliance with relevant Environmental Waste Management Policy and Regulations. Incorporate environmental considerations into our practices with regard to the use of natural resources, energy consumption and waste disposal. Principles of Industrial Waste Management
Seek to ensure environmental awareness and responsibility on the part of our staff, our suppliers and partners in the implementation of projects, in facilities, management and operations.
Remain committed to prevent pollution.
We will encourage recycling of waste materials and discourage the use of environmentally unfriendly products.
We will continuously monitor and improve our environmental performances.
Auto Washing Ltd. is well aware about health & safety of its stakeholders as well as about the legal & environmental regulations. Fabric is manufactured and processed as a backward linkage of ready-made garments manufacturing trade. Application of various dyes & chemicals is very essential part & parcel of textile processes. Garments & wastes are the vice versa products of textile industries. There is no way to skip waste generation in this trade. However, proper practices & awareness can help any organization to minimize waste generation and manage waste properly as well. Therefore, Auto Textiles Ltd. has formed “Waste Management System” (WMS) considering the well-being of the surrounding environment & stakeholders. This management system should comprise the following terms & issues:
Moreover AUTO TEXTILE has a total set of sewing machines and iron tables which are equipped with servo motors. The product development and sample department has been fitted with the T5 lights which are saving 50% of the consumption of electricity for that floor. As a part of our commitment we also have employed an energy audit team who has already done the audit on electrical load management system. This will allow us to re-modify the existing electrical layouts, load management and efficiently handle the load through a software to manage the load. The company also has a management committee lead by a GM to constantly look after the implementation of new technology to conserve energy.
Ensuring compliance with all local legislations.
Providing all staff and workers with explicit guidance in the safe handling and disposal of all wastes in line with health and safety and infection control requirements;
Wastes should be segregated or classified as Hazardous & non-hazardous, Production & Non-production Wastes to segregate and treat them accordingly.
Waste generation rate should be monitored so that it can be managed properly. Waste minimization can help substantially to conserve resources.
Factory workers and staffs should be well aware of Source Reduction, Reuse & Recycling (3R principle) of waste so that they can prompt waste management from the beginning.
There should be a Waste Management Committee for decision making & supervising waste management activities within factory premises.
All environmental issues should be supervised & monitored by an Environmental Personnel.
Waste management is very essential to keep the entire environment healthy & clean or to comply with local & international rules & regulations. The terms & conditions of the above mentioned management system might be changed according to the change of local legislations and under the guidance of Department of Environment.
In the dyeing section, the management ensures proper use of underground water by putting a water flow meter in the delivery of booster pumps. By doing so, the dyeing section is experimenting as less liquor ratio as possible. We will also put a water flow meter in the dyeing machines to ensure the lesser liquor ratio. In the printing section we have implemented dryers on the glass table to reduce the use of hand dryers to have better quality as well as conserve the energy. For water saving, the company uses Spray Nozzles with high pressure to remove the solution in the screen section.
Conclusion
AUTO TEXTILE also implemented a new technology to recycle the screen of the frame by using some non-hazardous chemicals which removes the solution and re-use it for 4-6 months. This saves a lot of energy by using Environmental Waste Management Policy
Our source of Water Plants is underground water and we lift water more or less 300 cubic meter/day. Besides, we are going to complete our reserve tank for containing rainy water. After completion, our consumption of water from underground will be automatically reduced because of securing and re-use of rainy water. In this connection, we installed Water Treatment Plant (WTP) in a secured and clean place. On the other hand, we are installing Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) and Sewerage Treatment Plant (STP) for saving our surrounding water from contaminated water and of course, we will re-use this water in our factory premises then automatically underground water use will be reduced more.
The company AUTO TEXTILE has a vision called vision 2020. Considering that in mind, the company took a decision to use the available resources efficiently. By doing so, the building construction of AUTO TEXTILE is done in such a way that building itself is the backbone of source of energy. It has got glass panels of 5000 sq m which will be used for putting on the solar cells vertically which will produce enough energy to light up the total building’s interior. As a part of it, the company contacted a manufacture in Australia who will supply those cells which works on temperature (>170C) to produce energy. The company has got a plan to use the rain Water Plants harvesting as well. Accordingly we are planning to store this to a central depository area (reservoir) nearby.
Pollutant Air Emission:
Regarding Air Emission through our production and supporting production process, we have already tested our emitted air by ITS Lab test Bangladesh Ltd. In this consequences, we found that Air Emission by production process is normal and for generator & Boiler, we have already increased stack height up to 60 ft to reduce pollution environment through air emission.
Waste Storage:
We don’t have combustion from generator as a by-products though we have an agreement with suppliers for withdrawing all wastage from production process or supporting process. Besides, our ETP will support us to reduce any contamination to our natural Water Plants . Regarding storage issue, we have a chemical and ink store for securing any combustion and wastage from direct production process, we have a secured waste storage for keeping all waste which withdrawn by third party in a regular basis
Mitigation Plan For Flood, Cyclone & Earthquake:
Floods:
Probable cause: Small creeks, gullies, dry streambeds, ravines, culverts or even low-lying areas flood quickly
Mitigation Plan: Monitor flood advisories; Determine flood potential to facilities; Pre-stage emergency power generating equipment; Assess damage.
Earth Quake:
Auto Garments all buildings are designed as per 8.5 rector scale.
Probable cause: The shaking of the earth’s crust, caused by underground volcanic forces of breaking and shifting rock beneath the earth’s surface
Mitigation Plan: Shut off utilities; evacuate building if necessary; Determine impact on the equipment and facilities and any disruption
CYCLONE:
Probable cause: Caused by a combination of strong winds driving water onshore and the lower atmospheric pressure in a tropical cyclone. In the hemisphere the onshore winds occur to the left of the tropical cyclone’s path.
Conclusion
Water Plants -Power off all equipment; listen to cyclone advisories; Evacuate area, if flooding is possible; Check gas, water and electrical lines for damage; Do not use telephones, in the event of severe lightning; Assess damage.
The existence of this team has made types of water treatment job easier for Auto Textiles Ltd. to establish a better water management WTP system. Department of Environment (DoE) has some obligations regarding water consumption for fabric processing in industrial sectors. These obligations are followed as general guideline countrywide. We respect this guideline. However, the water consumption is directly dependent on technology use or the dyeing/washing machine we are using. It is also dependent on what type of fabric we are dyeing or what type of dyestuff we are using. ,-
Technology Assessment
Technological assessment & advancement can help us to save our time, money & resource. Existing processing system should be assessed if existing machineries can support lowest Liquor Ratio. Old and backdated machineries should be replaced if possible in order to minimize water & chemical consumption. Our team always looks for any innovations regarding dyestuff, dye auxiliaries that may help to reduce liquor ratio and skip wash cycle. If any advance technology is found in the market, our team tries to figure out the efficiency of that technology and discusses with entrepreneurs about the viability of that technology
Proper Metering
Water consumption should be properly metered. We cannot manage water consumption without measuring. Total consumption and total disposal of water should be metered. Furthermore, section wise water consumption record should be kept so that assessment and analysis of water consumption can be done properly. We have two inlets for our dyeing section and two flow meters installed on that inlet give us water consumption data. Water goes to ETP after being used in the dyeing & washing machines. We have two meters for the inlet and outlet of ETP. We generate useful data from the reading of these meters
Adjusting Liquor Ratio
Changing Liquor Ratio is another way to save water and chemicals during wet processing. Changing Liquor Ratio should be adjusted if it can be decreased. Otherwise alternative chemical should be adopted, which requires less Liquor ratio. We use Avitera SE -the dyestuff of Huntsman after Technology Assessment, which is marketed by Huntsman under the logo of Save the Earth. We also use third generation Wash off like Dekol RSA (Resource Saving Agent) and Crosscolor BCSR, which help us to save natural resources like water. We always look for better innovations than the above-mentioned dyestuffs in the market
Process Re-engineering
Fabric processing is a continuous cycle, which involves a lot of chemicals & dyes. A slight change in the fabric recipe can save a lot of chemical/dyes & water consumption. Our production team optimizes the dosage of chemical/auxiliaries by trial and error method. For example, we use a detergent 1gm/liter. Then it is deducted by 10% (.1gm) and some trial batches (by .9gm/liter) are executed. The reports of the batches are reviewed and process designed is redefined. Dosage Optimization of every chemical/dye is done by this way without deteriorating the quality. Existing process design is reevaluated if any single process step can be skipped to form new process design. Suppose, there is a five minute overflow rinsing in a certain process step; our production team reengineer the process step whether it could be possible to eliminate the rinsing by a single filled wash drain cycle and viable for the organization. Same importance is given to both energy consumption and natural resources. Our Senior Manager- Production continuously generates concepts and monitors the overall dyeing process. Forming new process design cannot be done in a day or month. Continuous efforts are required for this.
Spread of Awareness
Awareness building up can save a lot water usage. Imparting training program may help root level workers to be more conscious about water use. Ideas should be discussed and shared among workers. Little awareness can save tons of water everyday. We have posted awareness building up posters on water consumption and efficiency in washrooms and water using places so that awareness among the workers can be developed and water efficiency may rise thereby.
Review/Checking
A review meeting is held every six month regarding previous decisions and upcoming decisions to make. Our General Director (GD) advises this meeting. Every water related issue is openly discussed and shared. Brainstorming and new idea sharing are done so that corrective actions can be taken in procedure level. We always consider 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse & Recycle) whether we can implement this idea in any aspect of water usage
Corrective Actions
Error is a part of decision or action. Corrective actions must be taken to rectify previous faults or lacking. Slight mistakes or faults in procedure level may hamper total development process. So corrective actions must be implemented properly and regular follow-up is very crucial. In our Review Meeting every water usage procedure is scrutinize thoroughly. If any finding is found, they are considered for the next action plan.
We are enthusiastic enough to establish much better environmental practices, resource conservation, wastewater management & waste management for our own goodness and for the conservation of our environment. However, we are thinking and evaluating the chance of reuse & recycle of treated wastewater.
Conclusion
Salt recovery from different types of water treatment is under active consideration. We would like to follow national rules & regulations and apply any contemporary changes to make proper use of water and to save this valuable water. Fortunately, we have an agile Environmental Management Team, which is working relentlessly in this regard.
ETP Water Management -No development is possible without the application of water. As a result, the demand & scarcity of water is increasing everywhere. Huge amount of water is required in fabric processing. Auto Textiles Ltd. (ATTL) is committed to follow the guidelines of Environment Conservation Act, 1997 (E.C.R’97) and its Environmental Management System (EMS) with a view to maximize the proper use of water and minimize the misuse & pollution of water thereby. aaaa
Development is a continuous process & water consumption cannot be decreased drastically. We are taking ventures regarding all wet processing sectors and trying to bring a change in proper water consumption. We use our merits; do process reengineering & technology assessment and spread awareness among stakeholders to bring the water usage at an optimum level. We are putting our continuous efforts to stop water misuse & pollution and to minimize water consumption. We want to make all our fabric processing functions maximum water efficient. The main pillars of our water management plan are mentioned below-
We will encourage recycling of waste materials and discourage the use of environmentally unfriendly products. In implementing the policy, we will:
Ensure compliance with relevant Environmental Legislation and Regulations.
Incorporate environmental considerations into our practices with regard to the use of natural resources, energy consumption and waste disposal.
Seek to ensure environmental awareness and responsibility on the part of our staff, our suppliers and partners in the implementation of projects, in facilities, management and operations.
Remain committed to prevent pollution.
We will continuously monitor and improve our environmental performances.
ETP Water Management is very conscious about resource use and management. Water is a very important & essential natural resource. Application of huge amount of water is undeniable in fabric processing trade like textile & washing. Considering the importance & scarcity of water and to comply with national Environmental Conservation Rules 1997 (E.C.R’97), Auto Textiles Ltd. has formed Water Management System for proper water use and management. Following issues are maintained & monitored through our water management system-
All legal laws and regulations (E.C.R’97) regarding water usage should be followed.
Proper water use should be encouraged, maintained & documented.
Misuse or excessive use of water should be brought under control.
Fabric processing design should be modified and smart technology should be engaged in order to decrease water consumption.
Wastewater should be treated by ETP (Effluent Treatment plant).
Reduce, Reuse & Recycle practices have to be implemented (where possible) and should be brought under considerations for future provisions.
The demand and scarcity of water is increasing day by day. Implementing our water management system, we may be able to become smarter about water usage, consumption and to follow concerned rules & regulations cogently.
Statement of the problem
There are various aspects/scope of water consumption in fabric processing. We always try to figure out where and how much water consumption can be minimized. Primarily water saving chances is evaluated and initiatives are considered whether to implement or not.
Water consumption records
Without complete and accurate data & information, no management step or action can be implemented. We always collect all data available regarding water use and resource utilization.
Inlet- outlet flow meter
Without measuring, nothing can be managed. For that reason, water flow / consumption record is kept through our outlet-inlet measuring devices.
Initiatives taken by other textile enterprises
Every textile enterprise tries to find out ways or takes initiatives, which may help to save natural resources like water and other. We always look forward if any better initiative is found available or in practice.
Data Collection
If any better initiative is ever found in practice, we engage our merits and research / environmental management team to collect data so that we may follow that good initiative or do something better.
We are not the best in the class. There are other concerns, which are also doing better than we are. We must always compare ourselves with the best of the bests so that we can set our targets towards improvement & development.
Conclusion
ETP Water Management -Going through all the above-mentioned processes, recommendations are screened out and worthy actions and plans are implemented.
Waste water from the knit dyeing project destroy the quality of water body in which they are exposed affecting the marine life. It also has a harmful effect of sewerage handling system and agricultural land. The characteristics and effect of effluent are as follows
pH:
The waste water may be either acidic or alkaline.
If acidic
It may cause corrosion of pipeline.
Can cause destruction of aquatic life
If alkaline
It may cause adverse effect on aquatic life
Incrustation in sewers and damage corps by impairing their growth
DISSOLVE SOLIDS:
The dissolve solid may be either organic or inorganic. The can cause reduction in dissolve oxygen in waste water, disease and discomfort, scale in pipelines and other equipments, accelerate algal growth, increase hardness of water and enhance metal corrosion
SUSPENDED SOLIDS:
Suspended solids increase
Turbidity
Interferes light transmitting property of water
Destroy photosynthesis and oxygen transmission process
Criteria
Average quality of textile effluent
Minimum std required to drain
BOD
300 mg/l
20-40 mg/l
COD
1000 mg/l
120-160 mg/l
Suspended solid
200 mg/l
20-40 mg/l
Settle able solid
0-5 mg/l
No traces
Ammonia
20-30 mg/l
4-8 mg/l
Phosphorus
3-5 mg/l
3-5 mg/l
Surfactant
30-40 mg/l
0.5-2 mg/l
Chloride
1000-1500 mg/l
1000-1500 mg/l
Sulphate
1000-1500 mg/l
1000-1500 mg/l
Oil and fats
30-40 mg/l
<5 mg/l
Phenol
3-5 mg/l
0.05 mg/l
color
colored
Not perceptible
The Following standard is given by Bangladesh Department of Environment
Composite Textile Plant and large processing unit ( in which capital investment is more than thirty million taka)
Parameters
Standard and presence in a unit of mg/l
pH
6.5-9
Suspended Solid
100
BOD5 20o C
150
Oil and Grease
10
Total dissolved solids
2100
Wastewater flow
100
Total Chromium as Cr
2
Sulfide as S
2
Phenolic Compounds as C6H5OH
5
EFFLUENT TREATMENT AND DISPOSAL SYSTEM
In our country commercially Four-type process are available.
Chemical process
Biological process
Chemical and biological combination process
Chemical Biological and electro coagulation combined process
Typical operation involved in a ETP
CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND-COD
This Means potential overall oxygen requirement of the waste water sample including oxidizable components not determined in the BOD analysis.
STEP
BLANK
SAMPLE
1
Take 20 ml DM Water in a conical flask
Take Sample in a conical flask as per dilution method
2
Add pinch of Mercury II Sulfate
Add pinch of Mercury II Sulfate
3
Add 5 ml Silver Sulfate -Sulfuric acid solution
Add 5 ml Silver Sulfate -Sulfuric acid solution
4
Add 10 ml Potassium Dichromate solution
Add 10 ml Potassium Dichromate solution
5
Add 25 ml Silver Sulfate -Sulfuric acid solution
Add 25 ml Silver Sulfate -Sulfuric acid solution
6
Add glass beads
Add glass beads
7
Reflux for 2 hours
Reflux for 2 hours
8
cooling for 2 hours
cooling for 2 hours
9
Add 80 ml Distilled water
Add 80 ml Distilled water
11
Titrate with Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate
Titrate with Ferrous Ammonium Sulfate
12
TITRATION VALUE= A
TITRATION VALUE= B
DILUTION METHOD
EFFLUENT
X-SAMPLE-ML
DISTILLED WATER-ML
Collection Sump
2
18
Clarifier Outlet
5
15
UF permeate
10
10
RO 1 feed
10
10
RO 2 feed
5
15
RO 3 feed
5
15
RO reject
2
18
Dye bath effluent
1
19
NF permeate
2
18
CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND-COD
TITRATION
BURETT
0.1N ferrous ammonium sulfate
CONICAL FLASK
X ml of sample
4-5 drops of Ferrion indicator
TITRATION
Sample Vs 0.1N ferrous ammonium sulfate
ENDPOINT
Bluish green to reddish brown
TITRATION
Titration of Blank
Titration of Sample
Titration value
A
B
CALCULATION OF COD -MG/LITRE
(A-B) X 0.1 X8 X1000
Xml OF SAMPLE
X -SAMPLE ML
CALCULATION – MG/LT
1
(A-B) X 800
2
(A-B) X 400
5
(A-B) X 160
10
(A-B) X 80
15
(A-B) X 53.33
BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND-BOD
Biochemical oxygen demand is the measure of the oxygen consuming capabilities of orange matter, water with high BOD indicates the presence of decomposing orange matter and subsequent high bacterial counts that degrade its quality and potential uses.
Solution A
Blank
Sample
Take 2 liter distilled water
Take 300ml A solution in BOD bottle without air make 2 sample
Take two sample without air, as per dilution method
Aerate 1 hour
Check initial DO in one sample = B1
Check initial DO in one sample= S1
Add 2ml ferric chloride
Another sample Keep in BOD incubator at 20’C For 5 days
Another sample Keep in BOD incubator at 20’C For 5 days
Neutralizing is used to achieve the correct results. It is used to increase the Bacteria growth in FBBR. It also used to increase the efficiency of Biological system. To reduce the current and electrode consumption in EC system
Equivalent Weight Of Chemical Compounds
S.NO
CHEMICAL
MOL.FORMULA
EQ.WEIGHT
VALANCY
1
Acetic acid
CH3COOH
60.05
1
2
Calcium bicarbonate
CaHCO3
3
Calcium carbonate
CaCO3
50
4
Calcium chloride
CaCl
74.5
1
5
Calcium hydroxide
Ca (OH)2
36
2
6
Citric acid
C6 H11 O8
7
Di sodium salt of ethylene di amine
tetra acetic acid
( CH2)6 N2 ( COO)4 Na2
186.12
2
8
Erio chrome black – T
C20 H12 N3 Na O7 S
9
Ferrous ammonium sulfate
FeSO4 (NH4)2 SO4
10
Ferric chloride
FeCl2
63.5
2
11
Ferrous sulfate
FeSO4.7H2O
139
2
12
Hexa methylene teramine
( CH2)6N4
13
Hydrazinium sulfate
N2H4.H2SO4
14
Hydrochloric acid
HCl
36.45
1
15
hydrogen peroxide
H2O2
17
2
16
Magnesium chloride
MgCl2
59.75
1
17
Manganous sulfate
MnSO4
18
Mercury II sulfate
Hg2SO4
19
Muroxide
C8 H8 N6 O6
20
Nitric acid
HNO3
21
Oxalic acid
COOH.COOH
63.05
2
22
Potassium chloride
KCl
74.45
1
23
Potassium chromate
KCrO4
24
Potassium dichromate
K2Cr2O4
49.04
6
25
Potassium hydroxide
KOH
56.11
1
26
Potassium iodide
KI
27
Potassium permanganate
KMnO4
31.6
5
28
Silver nitrate
AgNO3
170
1
29
Silver sulfate
Ag2SO4
30
Sodium azide
NaN3
31
Sodium bi carbonate
NaHCO3
32
Sodium carbonate
NaCO3
53
2
33
Sodium chloride
NaCl
58.45
1
34
Sodium hydroxide
NaOH
40.01
1
35
Sodium thio sulfate
Na2S2O3. 5H2O
248.2
1
36
Sulfuric acid
H2SO4
49.04
2
Molecular Weight Of Chemical Compounds for Acid Neutralizer
