Wastewater Disposal – Waste Management No one can establish, provide or operate a waste disposal site without a permit issued by the Minister of Water Affairs and Forestry.This procedure details the system to be followed in order to ensure that all wastewater discharged by the Auto Garments Industry Limited are minimized and managed in an environmentally safe and correct manner in accordance with statutory and company requirements.The site discharges process water to the under ground tank and some of it over flows to drain. Sludge Recycle of ETP
Wastewater Disposal Responsibilities:
No one may dispose of waste or discard it in any other way except at a licensed waste disposal site or at a facility or by a method subject to conditions as the Minister may prescribe. Section 24: Regulations for waste managementIt is the responsibility of the EMR to ensure compliance with this procedure. The EMR has overview management responsibilities for monitoring, controlling and minimizing waster water discharges. It is the responsibility of the EMR to ensure that all personnel in their areas of responsibility are aware of wastewater discharge management provisions and are familiar with this procedure and regulations.
Identification and Characterization:
Provides for the Minister or competent authority at the provincial level to make regulations regarding waste management (see below).
All wastewater discharges must be identified and characterized. This includes storm water discharges also.
A drainage plan must be established and maintained which shows.
The rout of all industrial sewers and storm water sewers
Referenced discharge points/surface drains to sewers
Designated sampling points.
The destination of the industrial and storm water sewers must also be identified and referenced on the plan.
An inventory of all wastewater discharges must be maintained, which cross-references the drainage plan and describes:
Sources of wastewater
Composition of wastewater, including physical parameters such as temperature, PH etc.
Discharge point reference.
Designation. I.e. Trade effluent versus storm water run-off
Quantification and Monitoring of Discharges
In addition, a set of minimum requirements for the management of waste and waste disposal sites (see below).
Trade effluent shall be monitored on a monthly basis and will comprise grab sampling from the designated sampling point, adjacent to off-site discharge. Monitoring parameters will concur with those contained within the Anglican Water Trade Effluent. Discharge consent. The Production Manager may specify further parameters as appropriate. All exceeding must be recorded and corrective action taken as necessary.
Storm water discharges shell is monitored on a bi-annual basis for.
Total petroleum hydrocarbons
Volatile organic
PH in Wastewater Disposal
Suspended solids
The designated sampling point will be used to measure storm water quality.
Managing & Minimizing Discharges
Regulations have been drawn up under the Section 24 regarding refuse removal in the form Auto Group area (see below)
Auto Group have a dual obligation in terms of this section. Auto Group may only dispose of waste at a licensed waste disposal site.
All discharges from the site will be managed so as to minimize quantities and/or environmental impact.
Ways of reducing discharges in both volume and contaminant loading must be identified by:
Identifying alternative processes or substances
Identifying pollution control equipment
Implementing work procedures to control and minimize contaminant loading
The EMR will consult with the Production Manager on any proposals to implement discharge control measures.
No chemicals are to be disposed of down surface water or sewer drains in exceeding of permit limits.
No hazardous materials are to be stored close to storm water drains.
Conclusion
Auto Group are required to provide waste disposal facilities for residents of the municipality. All waste disposal sites run by the Auto Group must be licensed by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry.The EMR will conduct monthly inspection of the facility to cheek operation practices conform to controlling Wastewater Disposal, these must be recorded in a logbook and any observations documented, together with corrective action. Corrective action which is not immediate (e.g. installation of equipment) must be fully described to include costs responsibilities and dates for completion. Confirmation of completed action must be documented and kept with the logbook. DWAF) any waste disposal facility operated by Auto Group has to comply with the Minimum Requirements
We are blessed with abundant natural fresh water by Wastewater Treatment System. Availability of such fresh water has made things easier for us to do fabric processing businesses in such a small country. However, we use thousand liters of water for dyeing and other purposes every day. The more water we use, the more wastewater or liquid waste is generated from our fabric processing machines every day unlike other wastes. Sludge Recycle of ETP
Textile wastewater (water mixed with different dyes & chemicals) requires systemic treatment by effluent treatment facility. Hence, wastewater is a big issue for any textile industries. We have our own ETP (effluent treatment plant) to treat our wastewater. We are doing the following research & development activities to minimize or reduce wastewater-
Review meeting is held every three month regarding previous decisions and upcoming decisions to make. Our General Manager (GM) advises this meeting. Every waste management related issue is openly discussed and shared. Brainstorming and new idea sharing are done so that corrective actions can be taken in procedure level. We always consider 3R principle (Reduce, Reuse & Recycle) whether we can implement this idea in any aspect of waste management.
Adjusting Liquor Ratio:
Changing Liquor Ratio is another way to save water and chemicals during wet processing which is ultimately Waste or Wastewater Reduction step is taken by our innovative Waste Management Team. Changing Liquor Ratio should be encouraged as it can decrease concentration of dyes & chemicals in the wastewater. Otherwise alternative chemical should be adopted, which requires less Liquor ratio. For example, we use Avitera SE -the dyestuff of Huntsman after Technology Assessment, which is marketed by Huntsman under the logo of Save the Earth. We also use third generation Wash off like Dekol RSA (Resource Saving Agent) and Crosscolor BCSR, which help us to save natural resources like water. We always look for better innovations than the above-mentioned dyestuffs in the market.
Awareness building up can save a lot resources and helps to reduce waste generation. Imparting training program may help workers & employees to be more conscious about resource management & waste management. Ideas should be discussed and shared among workers. Little awareness can save lots of paper, dyes, chemicals & water every day. We have posted awareness building up posters on appliances use, water consumption and energy efficiency in many places of our factory premises so that awareness among the workers can be developed and energy efficiency & better waste management practices may rise thereby.
Proper Metering:
Water is the vital resource for fabric processing. So water consumption should be properly metered. We cannot manage waste consumption without measuring. Total consumption and total disposal of wastewater should be metered. Furthermore, section wise water consumption record should be kept so that assessment and analysis of wastewater can be done properly. We have two inlets for our dyeing section and two flow meters installed on that inlet give us water consumption data.
Fabric processing is a continuous cycle, which involves a lot of chemicals & dyes. A slight change in the fabric recipe can save a lot of chemical/dyes, water and reduce wastewater generation rate. Our production team optimizes the dosage of chemical/auxiliaries by trial and error method. For example, if we use a detergent 1gm/liter, then it is deducted by 10% (.1gm) and some trial batches (by .9gm/liter) are executed. The reports of the batches are reviewed and process designed is Redefined. Dosage Optimization of every chemical/dye is done by this way without deteriorating the quality. Existing process design is re-evaluated if any single process step can be skipped to form new process design which might help to generate less wastewater. our production team re-engineer the process step whether it could be possible to eliminate the rinsing by a single filled wash drain cycle and if it is viable for wastewater reduction. Same importance is given to both energy consumption and natural resources. Our Senior Manager (Production) continuously generates concepts and monitors the overall dyeing process if consumption of dyes & chemicals could be decreased in order to minimize waste water as well. Forming new process design cannot be done in a day or month. Continuous efforts are required for this.
Technology Assessment:
Technological assessment & advancement can help us to save our time, money & resource and generate lesser waste. Existing processing system should be assessed & analyzed if existing machineries can support lowest Liquor Ratio. Old and backdated machineries should be replaced if possible in order to minimize liquid waste or wastewater generation, which is a big issue for textile industries. Our team always looks for any innovations regarding dyestuff, dye auxiliaries that may help to reduce liquor ratio and skip wash cycle, e.t. waste prevention initiative.
Conclusion
If any advanced technology is available in the market, our team tries to figure out the pons & cons and efficiency of that technology and discusses with entrepreneurs about the viability of that Wastewater Treatment System
Sludge Recycle – We have been trying through our Environmental Team since 2011 to minimize all types of waste generation & manage our waster as per law. Recently, we have an MOU (Memorandum of Understanding) with Lafarge Cement Factory regarding our sludge wastes. They have been through experiments if industrial ETP sludge could be used in cement manufacturing. Experiments showed light and they have successfully used the sludge in making cement. Now, we agree to come to a point of industrial symbiosis with sludge. We hope this negotiation will be fruitful very soon.
Development is a never-ending continuous process. We must keep pace with this process to bring about better changes. We are thinking and evaluating the chance of reduction, reuse & recycle of every waste material we generate. Salt recovery from used water is under active consideration. We would like to follow national rules & regulations and apply any contemporary changes to save water. We have a better Environmental Team, which is working relentlessly in this regard.
We took initiative if our ETP sludge could be used in making bricks. We ran this experiment with the help of a brick company. The brick company successfully made brick using the sludge. We sent this brick to BUET for compatibility test. Hopefully, the brick passed all the tests and it was no less than the ordinary bricks. Now, we need more accomplishment from brick factories & proper authorities like DOE so that an official approach is made to use such available waste, which may save resources, money & valuable time. Brick factories need huge amount of soil every day to make bricks. Use of sludge for brick making purpose from hundreds of factories may lessen impact on our natural soil & land.
Auto Textile has got state of the art facilities in terms of water management and disposal of sludge. The amount of water we use has got a control through the use of flow meter and the liquor ratio is also imposed by another set of water flow meter in the dyeing machines. As a part of our commitment to the environment and our next generation we use the highest quality of dyes and chemicals in our dyeing and printing factory. The dyeing section even uses software which is connected to the chemical store where the chemicals and dyes are disposed automatically through the use of automatic dispensing machine and auto sensor respective by. In case of the water, the company brings back the dyeing laboratory’s waste water; printing factory’s washing water and washing unit’s water to the ETP.
In ETP which AUTO TEXTILE runs 24 hours use state of the art laboratory material for the measurement of the Do, TDS and to keep them safe for the environment. ETP is maintained by a well-trained group of personnel in 3 shifts and chemical has been dozed as per the requirement of the coloration of water. Every shift these person take the measurement and keep those data in the register. If there is any problem in the measurement a standby resource, dyeing lab is nearby to solve it as it is also open for 24 hours.
As a last ETP Audit Report , AUTO TEXTILE also has a contact of a numerous experts to help online via mail or cell. Moreover the owner of this facility himself is a textile Engineer and a re-known person for his contribution to the Mother Nature in terms of recycling, innovation and conservation.
For the sludge disposal AUTO TEXTILE has a contract with four star bricks to use them to make bricks which is burnt more than 15000C. By doing this, we are saving our mother nature and for the next generation. Finally AUTO TEXTILE has decided to move along with the latest technology by contracting a company for the total automatic of the ETP. They are working on it and will be coming with a final quotation very soon. We hope that in near future we will use less energy to run ETP with zero discharge in the environment.
Sludge Recycle of Polythene & Cartons
We procure yarn, dyes, chemicals & other textiles auxiliaries from home and abroad, which are frequently procured & used. Materials, which we buy, are well covered with polythene & cartons. These polythene & cartons are left over after use & the daily-generated amount is not small. We recycle this polythene waste to reproduce polythene again. We also partially use the cartons to make cartons. It saves our money and the wastes are well disposed of.
Reuse of waste yarn
Yarn is the primary / direct raw materials of knitting fabric. Huge amount of yarn is used every day. Some yarn is always left over with the cones, which is not need after the completion of production. The amount is not small. We collect & accumulate these cones and sort them out to reuse.
Conclusion
Sludge Recycle – We use this scrap yarn to make fabric sack, which is always used within our factory premises to move raw fabric roll from one section to another. This Reuse initiative helps us to get rid of our waste-yarn and saves our money.
Methods of waste management – Fabric processing is a continuous process to run. One process is followed by another. Raw fabric is produced from yarn. Afterwards, this raw fabric is processed and finished to make complete garment fabric. Engagement of huge chemicals, dyes and water results complete fabric. Therefore, generation of waste follows every step of fabric production. We need ETP Audit Report
There are other sources of waste, which are not directly associated with fabric processing, but they help to run and control the production cycle. These sources are like Human Resource Development (HRD) Department, Maintenance Department, and Store Department etc. In the following tables, we have gathered the lists of almost all wastes generated from all sections or departments
Waste management is a big issue for any organization. No single department or section can handle this giant job all alone. Therefore, we have an Environment Management Team (EMT) to deal with environmental issues such as waste management. The main job of this team is to integrate all necessary people from all concerned departments in a single platform so that they can think alike regarding environmental management system. The existence of this team has made the job easier for Auto Textiles Ltd. to establish a better water management system.
Department of Environment (DOE) has formed some specific norms and regulations for industrial sectors regarding environmental pollution and control to keep the environment healthy. These rules & regulations are followed as general guidelines all over the country. We respect these rules and we are already following to comply with national rules, regulations and law. It is very difficult to run business in an environmental manner in a country like Bangladesh where lack of awareness and technological backwardness are never ending problems to deal with. Moreover, a better waste management system is only possible after combined integrated efforts from all concerned departments. Firstly, we have classified our wastes according to their nature & properties. Afterwards, we have enlisted all the wastes from all departments or sections we are dealing with. Then, we have decided the right disposal procedure for each waste. , we have already taken some research & development initiatives for the best wastewater management. However, we are putting all are combined efforts to manage our wastes. The followings are the procedural measures that we are following to materialize better waste management system:
Industrial Waste Management -Waste management is a big challenge for any organization.has developed some principles in relation to waste management so that things become systemic and easier. Those Methods of Waste Management are as follows-
Source Reduction / Prevention: Reduction or preventing waste generation from the very beginning of the production process is perfect better waste management. Reduction is using items or materials with care to reduce the amount of waste. Source reduction methods involve changes in manufacturing technology, raw material inputs, and product formulation.
Reuse: Reusing involves the repeated use of items or parts and materials which still have usable aspects. Checking, cleaning, repairing, and refurbishing whole items or spare parts minimizes waste and increases economic efficiency substantially.
Recycle: Recycling means using generated wastes as resources or secondary materials for making further products or materials. Recycling helps to save energy, resources using materials again, and turning wastes into new substance or products.
Resource Conservation: Resources, both natural and manmade, are limited though its demand is always increasing. Best Environmental Practices (BEP) should be encouraged & implemented for sustainable business activities. Therefore, better practices of waste management may help us to save our resources and energy largely.
Industrial Waste Management Segregation: Wastes may become resources if properly utilized. Wastes need to segregated or separated according to their types and property to reuse or recycle. Some wastes are hazardous and some are low or semi hazardous. Hazardous wastes require specific treatment or disposal procedure other than non-hazardous wastes. Hazardous wastes may contaminate or deteriorate the potential of reuse or recycle of other wastes. That is why proper waste segregation is necessary for better waste management.
The above-mentioned principles are followed and considered whenever any decision & action is taken regarding waste management.
Methods of Waste Management -Production of necessary products & goods is increasing everywhere around the world with a view to keep pace with increasing human demand. Our natural resources are limited. After utilizing resources, production processes give off various unwanted materials or wastes, which cannot stopped or ignored. Products and wastes are like the two opposite sides of a coin; one cannot leave other. Read about Principles of Industrial Waste Management
Complete and useful products are consumed very easily whereas left over unwanted materials or wastes need to be taken care of to keep the environment clean and sound. With the advancement of time, people are becoming more aware of environmental protection, conservation and sustainability. As an Environment concerned business unit of Auto Group, Auto Textiles Limited is committed to do business in an eco-friendly manner. We are ready to comply with all rules and legislation regarding environment, health & safety. The main objective of this Environment Management System or Waste Management System is to manage all our wastes according to Environment Conservation Act, 1997 (ECR’97) to do production/ business activities in a safer way and keep the surrounding environmentally friendly. Actually, waste management should go beyond pollution prevention and disease prevention for humans. Furthermore, it should benefit society by providing economic gain for organizations, communities and families. The preferred approach for dealing with waste is Integrated Waste management (IWM). ISWM means considering not only the appropriate disposal of wastes but integrating this with other management options such as minimizing waste production, recycling, composting and other waste recovery options. The advantages of IWM are that we can consider all options and aim to manage wastes in ways that are most effective in protecting human health and the environment. IWM can also have many economic and
Waste Classification:
Wastes may become resources if they are properly segregated and utilized. Different wastes have different properties. Waste treatment procedures follow those properties to manage that waste. We have classified all our wastes according to different points of view. Depending on the states of the wastes, wastes are classified as-
Solid Waste (solid in nature),
Liquid Waste (such as wastewater that is mixed with different dyes & chemicals),
Gaseous Waste (Smoke or gas emitted from combustion channels like generators, boilers, dryers etc.).
According to the potential degree of hazard, wastes have been classified as-
Hazardous Waste (H)
Low – hazardous Waste (L H)
Non – hazardous Waste (N H)
According to production point of view, wastes has also been classified as-
Production Waste (Generated directly from production process).
Non Production Waste (Not directly associated with production).
Conclusion
Methods of Waste Management is not a waste until it is properly disposed of. It can be either a resource or a hazard. That is why it has to be segregated as resource material or hazard substance as early as possible. Hazardous wastes should be separated from other wastes since hazardous waste may contaminate the potential of non-hazardous wastes.
