Dyes use for dyeing fabric in Jig or Jigger dyeing machine which is suitable for woven fabric than knitted fabric because jigger exert considerable lengthwise tension on the fabric. This is also particularly suitable for cellulosic fibers because the natural dyes generally do not exhaust well and the jig works with an exceedingly low liquor ratio. It is one of the oldest dyeing machines for dyeing fabric. There are mainly two types of jigger dyeing m/c for dyeing woven fabrics with dyes. One is open jigger dyeing machine and other is closed jigger dyeing m/c. Normally after the process of dyeing machine dyed fabric is sent to stenter machine.
Types of Jigger Dyeing Machine:
Textile Jigger Machine for woven fabrics,
Hydraulic Jigger Machine for dyed fabric,
Semi Automatic Dyeing Jigger for dyeing fabric,
Automatic Jigger Textile Machine for woven fabrics,
Semi & Jumbo Jigger Machine show how to dye fabric,
Mannul Jigger for for natural dyes
Automatic Jigger Dyeing Machine
Parts of Jigger Machine:
Parts of Jigger Machine is specified below-
Parts of Jigger Dyeing Machine
Batch Roll
Hinged Cover
Fabric Unloaded
Dye liquor container
Guide roller
Steam Heating Coil
Main Roller
Fabric Winding
Adjustable Expander Bar
Fabric Expander Bar
Dye Vat
Drain
Advantages of Jigger Dyeing Machine:
The cloth is dyed in open width form in textile industry,
The material to liquor ratio is 1:3 is used for dyed fabric in textile industry,
Liquor ratio 1:4 saves huge amount of chemical cost and steam cost,
Less chemical lose for woven fabric in textile industry,
No need training to operate how to dye fabric,
Disadvantages of Jigger Dyeing Machine:
It exerts lot of tension in the warp direction and because of this normally knitted fabrics, woolen, silk etc cannot dyed in jigger dyeing m/c because it is only for woven fabric.
Feature of Rope Dyeing Machine:
Feature of rope dyeing machine is given below with diagram-
Rope Dyeing Machine
Double creel for 6-36 wrap with framework (one creel for working another for stanby )
2-roll, 10 ton nip for draw the rope
2-role, 10 ton nip for caustic box,
3-sky drum fo air timing
2-compartment 10 ton nip for pre-washing
Steamer (27 meters yarn capacity)
8-compartment 10 top nip for dyeing / washing
65 sky drum with Teflon coated
4-copartment 10 top nip for final wahing and softener
Three dry can stacks with 36 cans
36 wrapo coiler section
Main circulation system
Indigo auto feeding system
Color bottom auto feeding system
Color topping auto feeding system
Softener auto feeding system
Kitchen system
Autofeeding for indigo and dudro caustic sulger bottoming / topping and softener with flow display
Level temperature and flow processing control
Ac drive control system with automatic field control technology
Theory of Dyes and Dyeing Fabric:
The process consists of three stages are
Migration of dye molecule from liquor to fiber. This process is assisted by increasing
temperatures and using auxiliaries ñ substances that help the dyeing process.
Diffusion of dye from the fiber surface into the fiber. This process is assisted by agitation of the fiber, dye bath or both together with heat.
Fixation ensures the dye molecule is attached to the fiber either by physical forces or chemical bonding. These forces may be weak or strong.
Most dyeing processes need heat to provide the energy for the dyeing to take place. This is commonly supplied by direct or indirect steam.
Dyes used in textile processing:
Description
Composition
Functions
processing steps
Salts
Sodium Chloride
Sodium Sulfate
Exhaustion
Retarder
Dyeing
Acids
Acetic acid
Sulfuric acid
pH control
others
Preparation
Dyeing
Finishing
Alkali
Sodium Hydroxide
Sodium Carbonate
pH control
Others
Preparation
Dyeing
Finishing
Buffers
Phosphate
Magnesium sulfate
pH control
Dyeing
Preparation
Sequestering agents, chelates
EDTA
Complex hardness retarder
Preparation
Dyeing
Surface active agents
Anionic
Cationic
Nonionic
Softeners
Wetting agents
Emulsifiers
Antifoaming/ defoamer
Leveling agents
Preparation
Dyeing
Finishing
Dispersing agent
Distribute dye uniformly
Dyeing
Oxidizing agents
Hydrogen peroxide
Sodium Nitrite
Insolubilising dyes
bleaching
Preparation
Dyeing
Reducing agents
Sodium hydrosulfite
Sodium sulfide
Solubilise dyes
Remove unreacted dyes
Dyeing
Carriers
Phenyl phenols
Chlorinated benzene
Enhanced absorption
Dyeing
Stabilizer
Sodium Silicate
Phosphate
Stabilize bleach bath
Dyeing
How To Dye Fabric:
Woven Fabrics are dyed based of their quality and blending and to the buyers standard sample appearance. The dyeing processes used in ATL are:
Reactive dyeing Process: 100 % Cotton dyeing fabric is done in alkali medium (in accordance to existing dyes) and fixation at relatively high temperature (130 oC-160 oC).
Disperse dyeing Process: Polyester dyeing fabric is done in acid medium. There are different process for blended fabrics such as PC or CVC.
Two bath process: Process for dyeing fabric separately using disperse dye for the poly part and reactive dye for the cotton part.
One bath process: Process for dyeing fabric using a solution that is made by both disperse and reactive dyes together.
Pigment Process
Vat process
Maintenance:
No.
Item need to be checked & serviced
1.
Check the indirect heating line and any leakage
2.
Complier cleaning of machine
3.
Cleaning of drain valves, replace seals if required
4.
Check air supply filters, regulators, and auto drain seals
5.
Clean filters element and blow out
6.
Greasing of Unloading Roller Bearings
7.
Checking of Oil line and bolts of Unloading Roller Gearbox.
8.
Checking of unloading roller coupling and packing
9.
Checking and cleaning (if required) of Main Vessel Level Indicator
10.
Check the roller bed of the traversing unit.
11.
Check the function of heat and cool controlling valves
12.
Check all belts and belt tension
13.
Check all door seals
Objective of Jigger Dyeing Machine:
Dyeing (Exhaust) is a chemical process by which textile substrates are immersed in liquor containing dyestuffs & chemicals by which the dyestuffs are transferred to textile substrates in a proper manner. For every shade & batch Q.C goes shade check, wash fastness, rubbing fastness, water fastness and light fastness, tear test, tensile test, pick up test, shade listing & tailing.
A dye trough design ensuring minimum possible liquor ratio
Fabric rope monitoring control system for precise calculation and control of the fabric speed and tension.
3) Uniform dyeing conditions in the dye trough, independent of the batch size.
Water meter for controlled rinsing
Dosing of dyes and chemicals dependent on the fabric length passing through the dye bath
Key Accessories:
Wooden plate, Sewing m/c, A-frame/batcher, Eye protecting glass, Hand gloves, Rotation station, Bucket mixer, Filter cloth. Process can be done by this m/c:
Dyeing
Washing- Washing is done by using detergent and wetting agent.
Striping- Stripping is done by using Hydross(4g/l) and caustic(15g/l).
Mercerizing- Chemical strength is 30 Baume
De-finishing: Definishing is done by using soda(8g/l) and caustic(10g/l)
Bleaching
Standard Machine set up:
Machine set up parameters
Actual parameter range
Machine set Value
Temperature
58 – 60’C initially
88 – 90’C later
60’C, 90’C
Chemical level
(500 – 520)L
520 L
Fabric position
Face
Face
Speed
40 – 80 m/min
40 – 80 m/min
Ph-8
M:L- 1:10
Time: 4 hours
Fabric length: 500-1000yds
Route temperature: 57 degree centrigate
Flow chart of Jigger dyeing m/c:
Fabric inlet
↓
Dye + Chemical Padding
↓
Fabric outlet
Process Description of Jigger Dyeing Machine:
Fabric inlet: After mercerizing batcher is feed into the inlet of Jigger machine. Where the fabric is passed through dye bath.
Process Description of Jigger Dyeing Machine
Dye + Chemical padding: Both chemical & color is prepared in different tank according to required. For example —-
Washing:- Detergent / Wetting agent is used
Striping:- Hydrose + Caustic is used
De – Finishing:- Soda + Caustic
pH:- 8
Chemicals/ materials Used
Used in average
Wetting agent
(0.25 – 0.5 ) gm/l
Detergent
(0.5 – 1) gm/l
Dye stuff (Reactive, Sulpher etc.)
Differs depend on the shade of fabric
Caustic
1.323 gm/l
Soda ash
5 gm/l
Reducing agent
9 – 10%
Oxidizing agent
2 gm/l
Acid
2 gm/l
Compressed air
As required
Salt
20 gm/l
Steam, water
As required
Here fabric is directly pass through dye bath & then batching on another roller. And again this process is start in opposite direction. This system is continued for 3-4 times. If shade is match then fabric will be outlet. If not match, dyeing will be continuing.
Fabric Outlet: If shade is ok then fabric will be outlet. And it becomes ready for finishing.
Control Panel of Jigger Dyeing Machine: From control panel all types of instruction can be provide to the machinery. This machine has a full manual control panel.
Control Panel of Jigger Dyeing Machine
The operator controls every process by control switch of Jigger Dyeing Machine.
Tumble dryer is a household appliance and appliances online that is used to take away moisture from a load of clothing and other textiles generally shortly after they are cleaned in a washing machine. Tumble drier is washing machine for tumble drying may cause clothes to shrink for its functionality. Tumbler drier of washing machine nonstop draw in the cool, dry and ambient air heat it before passing it through the process. Programmable automatic dry cleaning machine with built in programs for sensitive and high sensitive textile fabrics and garments testing for durability and shrinkage testing. This dryer is used after Hydro Extractor Machine [1]
Parts of Tumble Dryers :
Some important parts of tumbuler is given here-
Parts of Tumble Dryer
Rating Plate
Filter
Condenser Cover
Water Container
Model and Serial Numbers
Condenser Cover Handle
Air Intake Gril
Specifications of Tumble Dryer for Household Appliance:
Specifications Name
Specifications Value
Product Category
Dryer
Machine Category
Tumble Dryer
Product Name
Tumbuler
Product Model
According to Manufacturer
Product Class
New
Origin
China/India/Others
Brand/ Manufacturer
Name of Manufacturer
Agent in Bangladesh
No/Yes
Power
380v
Temperature
Normal
Certification
SGS/Others
Production Capacity
15 Kg
Consumes of Steam
40-50 Kg
Steam Pressure
0.4-0.6 Mpa
Heating power
14 Kw
Motor power
0.55 Kw
Fan power
0.55 Kw
Rolling Container Dimension
Φ760x650mm
Dimension(L.W.H)
840x1200x1620 mm
Weight
320 Kg
Description
This is very good Machine is used for household appliance and hotpoint service
Cleaning Fluff Filter for Tumble Dry:
Fluff Filter
Step one open the door of your dryer
Step two put out the filter using the two finger grips
Washing machine clean any fluff deposit from the filter mesh.
Refit the filter. Make sure the arrows are facing you.
Never run the drier of washing machine without the filter in position
This is hotpoint service which have built in manual how to use a tumble dryer
[1] Bhavdip Paldiya, Assistant Manager at Dwarkadhish cotspin pvt. Ltd, Bachlor of Engineering in Textile Technology and Gujarat Technological University
The compactor machine is used in Textile Factory is a compaction machine used in textile finishing of apparel fabric. The compactor is a textile machinery which is used for knitted fabric like jersey, pique, interlock, plush, rib etc. as well as cotton blended fabric in rope form. The compactor is used for controlling shrinkage of fabric, GSM control and make compaction the fabric in length wise direction to provide over feed to the fabric while processing in presence of steam and able to control the shrinkage. The text compactor is used as finishing machine after dyeing. Open Width Compactor is used after Stenter Machine and Tubuler Compactor Machie is used after Industrial Dryer Machine.
Application of Compactor:
Text compactor is appropriate for compaction fabric for the felt boarding and pre-shrinking process of pure cotton, blended cotton and polyester tubular fabrics, the shrinkage of fabrics can be less than 4%. It also used for textile printing and general textile manufacturing in Textile company.
Open width compactormachine for textile factory is a textile machine referred to the compactor machine for open width knitted fabrics. It is used for shrinkage control, gsm of fabric control, compact the fabric and increase smoothness of fabric. Here, slitting machine is used before open width compactor machine for open the fabric from the tubular form.This machine is used after the process of stanter machine.
Feature of Open Width Compactor Machine:
This machine is used as industrial machinerywith stenter machine
Open width machine control shrinkage in textile finishing,
This machine have A.C. Inverter drives,
Compacting machine applicable both for cotton knit
This machine machine have PLC with touch screen.
Compactor textile machine equipped with modem connectivity with interface
Compactor textile machine should have online troubleshooting system.
Metal detector exist in compactor textile machine
Compactor textile machine works with this technique
Gsm of fabric is controlled by this machine
Compaction Equipment :
Compaction equipment is suitable for open width knit fabrics to measure gsm of fabric for achieving exact dimensional stability as well as soft feel. The machine consists of a feeding frame by means of centering device and driven scroll rollers which is an equalizing stenter frame with overfeed roller and brush pinning arrangement.
Open Width Compactor
The unit of drying of compacting machine drying have infra-red emitters are placed on either side of the machine. Compacting machine have infra-red emitters are placed on either side of the machine. The delivery side section consists of selvedge trimmer, edge dryer and a suction device, Exit roller, Width Adjustment device and the drive to the chain are housed in a exit box. Shima seiki is good brand name of compaction equipment.
Open width Compactor Machine Maintenance:
Weekly Maintenance Criteria:
Check spreader belts, wheels & its bearings.
Check Teflon sheets.
Check Blanket’s tightness, condition &
Check & clean all electrical & electronics
Two Month Maintenance Criteria:
Clean & Check all motors, commentators & its Carbons.
Calibrate all parameters if required.
Lubricate all motors chain, bearings, gearbox,
Necessary with grease Points.
Yearly Maintenance Criteria:
Drain Gear oil & fill it with new oil & Check
All steam valve & cylinder condition.
Compactor for Sale:
Some compactor is manufactured for sale. This machine is sold for open width fabric. Tubular Compactor is sold for tubular fabric
Tubular compactor machine is referred for tubular knitted fabrics which is used as finishing machine. It is used for shrinkage control, GSM control, compact the fabric and increase smoothness of fabric. Tubular compacting device is industrial machinery used after hydro-extractor, de-watering and dryer. This machine is installed after industrial dryer machine.
Functions of Tubular Compactor:
Functions of a tubular is given below-
Tubuler Compactor
Tubular compacting m/c control shrinkage ,
Tubular compacting m/c control fabric width ,
Tubular compacting m/c control GSM ,
Fabric smoothness is achieved by the tubular compactor,
Heat setting of fabric for Lycra in quality machine,
Shade checking of cotton knit by tubular compactor in textile factory,
Width checking of cotton knit in textile factory,
Edge line checking of cotton knit in textile factory,
Design and slanting of textile finishing,
Find fabric fault of cotton knit in textile factory,
Shima seiki machine used for textile finishing
Specifications of Tubular Compactor:
Specifications Name
Specifications Value
Product Category
Dyer
Machine Category
Compactor
Product Name
Tubuler Compactor
Product Model
According to Manufacturer of textile finishing
Product Class
New
Origin
Made in China
Brand/ Manufacturer
Shima seiki cotton knit machine
Agent in Bangladesh
No/Yes
Power
16KW, 3 Phase, 415V AC, 50 Hz
Temperature
Normal
Certification
SGS/Others
Production Capacity
NA
Steam Consumption
350 LBS / Hour @ 70-100 PSIG
Speed
0-70 Meters per minute
Air
80 PSIG Air Pressure
Weight
2400 Kg
Width
50 inches
Dimensions
7000 * 2250 *2300 mm L*W*H
Description
Shima seiki cotton knit machine machine is used in textile factory for textile finishing works
