Please allow us to introduce our company MERU ENTERPRISES, we deal with all the yarns. We are catering yarns with Twist Tester to domestic as well as overseas markets. If you have been looking for yarns, we may well be the answer looking for. We are dealing with almost all leading Buyers & Exporters in Tirupur for brands like Adidas,Nike,Mothercare and Next sourcing and also we are exporting yarns to Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Vietnam. Details are as follows,
Texturizing machine is used to synthetic filament yarn. A texturized yarns are made by introducing durable crimps, coils, and loops along the length of the filament yarn. Texturing yarns which are found in yarn market are used for the fabric for air bags due to low air permeability. This textiles equipment is also used for swimwear, sportswear, outerwear and sewing thread for extensible fabrics.
Function of the Textile Equipment for Filament Yarn :
The functions of the textile equipment for filament yarn is given below –
Crepe Yarn for the textile equipment
Twisting yarn
Heat-Setting filament yarn
Texturising in Single Process for tall production efficiency.
Texturing machine is suitable for 60-300 denier Polyester FDY and other fabric
This textiles equipment allows higher yarn speeds.
Specifications of Texturing Machine :
Specifications of the machine is stated here-
Specifications Name
Specifications Value
Product Category
Yarn
Machine Category
Texturing Machine
Product Name
Texturizing textiles equipment
Product Model
According to Manufacturer of yarn market
Product Class
New
Origin
Made in China
Brand/ Manufacturer
lathe
Agent in Bangladesh
No/Yes
Power
220watts/100 watts
Temperature
Normal
Certification
SGS/Others
Production Capacity
NA
Spindle Type
φ60
Twist Range (Tpm)
600-2000
Spindle Spee(Rpm)
16000
Feed Package Dim
φ70x240l
Feed Package Weight ( Gms.)
750
Take-Up Tube Length (mm)
135
Package Dia (Mm)
200
Weight On Take-Up( Gms)
1500
Heater Type
Electric 4000mm tube
Temperature Adjustable Range
50-250°c
False-Twist Spindle
Magnetic 150000 rpm
Description
Suitable for texturing continuous polyamide and yarn paradise from dtex 34 to dtex 156.
Textile Fiber from Jute
Another important characteristics of a textile fibre is its dimensional fineness. The thinner are the cross-sectional areas of the filaments the more of them can remain in the cross-section of a yarn of a specified diameter. Thus it follows from the textile considerations that very fine fibres are capable of under going high drafts so as to produce a fairly thin yarn and yet can maintain the requisite yarn strength. But in the case of jute fibre the dimensional fineness is worked out by the breakdown of the meshy structure through machine processing. The fibre entities produced at the card machine have divergent crosswidths and are capable of splitting further laterally to different extend till thein dividuals of similar category of fineness are obtained. B ut even with the finest filaments jute yarn as thin as very fine cotton yarn has not yet been a practical possibility. The thinnest all jute yarn which has been experimentally produced with the existing jute processing machinery is about 1/1/2 lbs/spyndle which is equivalent to only 7’s cotton count whereas the cotton yarn of 100’s count and even finer has been spun. The reason for this lies in the fundamental difference in cross widths of jute and cotton filaments dimensional fineness of jute is about five to ten times bigger than that of cotton. Fineness of individual jute filaments is somewhat, comparable to that of the coarse wool fibres such as corriedale wool. The general impression from the spinner’s point of view that jute is an important textile fibre as it is coarss and rough to the feel and does not have the pliability, smoothness and suppleness without fluffiness possessed by a good class textile fibre.
A jute filament is considered stiff and hard, which mean that the elastic qualities particularly suitable for very fine spinning are lacking with jute. This is because jute prior to mechanical processing needs treated with batching emulsion to improve its suppleness and to reduce its stiffness to some extent. L ow bending property and moderately high tensile elasticity fovour the application of more twist but torsional rigidity of a jute filament is about ten times higher than of cotton and about five times than that of wool fibre. While its torsional rigidity is about two third that of cotton and about three-fourth that of wool.
With these characteristics of jute in view, possibilities should be explored to break through into specialized outlets in which jute would be able to substitute cotton, wool, linen and other textile fibres natural and synthetics, either as all jute texture or in union or in blends. From the scattered records of indigenous literatures and memoirs of the foreign visitors it is evident of Bangladesh. Mainamati folksongs mention about patsari a kind of all jute handloom cloth which was extensively used by the poor people particularly of the Eastern and Northern Bengal. Dyed jute fabric with red strips was also used for making mosquito nets. Thus there is nothing new about the idea that jute can be made into coarse fabrics for weaving apparel. There has been fantastic changes and innovations made in the textile technology since the handloom age, but in the field of jute spinning not much advancement has been made since the machine processing started at Dundee about the middle of the last century. Neither cotton nor woolen textile machinery can suitably be adopted for jute processing. The present jute processing machinery which are by no means designed to make fine yarns although it has been possible to produce 2/1/2 lbs. yarn with them at a much reduced rate of production
Raw material (Yarn) used:
In Auto Knit Fabrics Ltd. cotton of carded, combed, compact, polyester in filament or textured form, mélange of ecru or cotton mélange etc. yarn of different brand used according to buyers’ requirements. Insertion of elastomeric filaments like spandex of various international brands is common here. Stripes are knitted with dyed, undyed, mercerized, non mercerized yarn. Organic cotton yarn can also be provided if required.
Fabric Design produced:
Auto Knit Fabrics Ltd. is capable of producing stripes of any width and enormous colors. The engineering stripes machines are used for producing such fabrics. Except this feeder stripes are also produced. Single jersey fabrics and its derivatives like la-cost, polo-pique, terry fleece etc are produced. Rib and interlock fabrics and their different derivatives such as 2×2, 6×3 etc are also produced. Different figured fabrics can be produced by semi jacquard machined by varying the tucking lengths and looping sequences.
Collar and cuffs of any designs are produced here in the semi jacquard and jacquard machines. The jacquard design can be computerized and easily transferred to the knitting machine by Floppy disks. The yarn that used in the body fabric is also used in producing collar and cuff.
Production capacity:
The circular knitting section has 14 – 15 ton per day production capacity.
Recently it is producing 9 – 10 ton per day.
Fabric inspection and quality check:
Before any finishing process quality of a fabric should be inspected. This inspection is done by point systems i.e. for various defects are specified penalty points are given to the faulty fabrics. In Auto Knit Fabrics Ltd. 4 point system is used for fabric quality assurance. Here the maximum defect point is 4.
In this case if the total defect points per 100 yd2 are 40 or more the fabric should be rejected. Here fabric is checked by two Calator Ruck fabric inspection machine of Germany.
Remark:
We complete the training in knitting section in three working days. In this limited time proper observation on every stage of production is not possible. But we tried hard to give our maximum concentration on different stages of production processes. Costing and organ gram is not provided. For this reason these are not included on this report. The individual machinery analysis was not possible due to time shortages. The deviation of general equation of GSM found in the production but reason is still in dark. Data included is collected by asking officials only, from machine logos or from batch cards. For this reason perfection of all data is not claimed.
Features of Texturizing Machine Yarn Paradise:
The features of the machine which makes yarn paradise that is given below-
Lowest production cost for yarn
Heavy equipment for yarn
Best heater allows excellent power saving
Single-deck frame structure for excelent yarn speeds.
Spinning Process of textile industry the comber machine is used to convert combed sliver from lap to produce finer and higher quality yarns. The comber machine improves the uniformity and strength of fibers. The function of combing machine is straightening and parallelizing of fibers and the removal of short fibers and impurities.
Functions of Combing Machine :
A combing machine is a one type spinning machine for spinning process of yarn which has comb to straighten the fibers and extract neps, foreign matter and short fibers. Combing machine is used to produce higher count yarn(stronger , more even, more compact, finer, smother). The yarn which is produced by using combing machine is called combed yarn.This machine produces finer yarn by removing short fibers below a pre-preselected length. It reduces length variation in the cotton mixing for yarn market. It removes neps and foreign matter form the cotton. This machine improves fiber parallelization and straightens of the fibers from spinning wool.
Main Parts of this Textile Machinery:
Parts of Comber Machine
Lap roller
Tension roller
Condenser
Feed roller
Top nipper
Bottom nipper
Top combe
spinning wheel
Bottom comb
Detaching roller
Table
Drafting roller
Cloth cleaner
Belt
Trumpet
Calendar roller
Coiler calendar roller
Coiler head
Feature of Spinning Can for Combed Yarn:
Made to exact dimensions to meet industry requirement’s.
Top quality anti static polyethylene sheet for cans, and strong, uniform “jupee” fiber sheet for fiber cans, ensures uniform quality and thickness of the can wall.
Meets the tough requirement’s of advanced spinning technology.
Spinning can made from special high carbon steel.
Specially heat-tempered for combed yarn can
Coils engineered in varying diameters to nest within themselves, thus providing additional capacity when can is full.
Dimensionally and geometrically accurate; consistent in every respect.
Calibrated for precise silver weight control.
Custom made to each customer individual Spring can system. Pressure and right requirement’s.
All Spring can system design to significantly reduce waste.
High impact on nylon wheel for combed yarn can
Non rotating dusts shields reduce up between
Combed yarn wheels and truck assembly.
Feature of Comber:
In lap preparation, total draft, fibre parallelisation, no of doublings, lap weight etc should be done properly (based on trial).
Higher the lap weights (gm/m) lower the quality. It depends on type of comber & fibre micronaire.
If finer micronaire is used, lap weight is reduced to improve combing efficiency.
If coarse micronaire is used, lap weight is also increased.
If fibre parallelisation is too much, lap sheets sticking to each other is more (It happens if micronaire is very low also). If lap sheets are sticking to each other, total draft between carding & comber are reduced.
If draft is less, fibre parallelisation is also less, hence loss of long fibres in noil will be more.
Top comb penetration should be highest for better yarn quality. But care should be taken to avoid top comb damage.
Damaged top comb will affect the yarn quality very badly.
Setting between unicomb & top nipper should be same & it should be around 0.40-0.5mm.
Feed weight is about 50-58gm for combers like E7/4 & is 65-75 gm for combers like E62 or E7/6.
The lower the feed length, the better the yarn quality. Trials to be conducted with different feed lengths & it are decided based on quality & production requirement.
Required waste should be removed with the lowest detaching distance setting.
For cottons with micronaire up to 3.5, top comb should have 30 needles/cm & for cottons with more than 3.8 micronaire, top comb should have 26 needles/cm.
Trials to be conducted to standardise waste percentage.
Piecing wave should be as low as possible & index should be decided based on cotton length & feed length.
Spectrograms should be attended. Comber sliver Uster should be less than 3.5.
Head to head waste% should be as low as possible.
Variation in waste percentage between combers should be as low as possible(less than 1.5%).
If cotton with low maturity coefficient is used, it is better to remove more noil to avoid shade variation problem.
Specifications of Combing Machine:
[label type=”label” title=”Specifications Name“]
[label type=”label” title=”Specifications Value“]
Product Category
Spinning
Machine Category
Combing Machine
Product Name
Automatic Comber Machine
Product Model
According to Manufacturer
Product Class
New
Origin
China/Others
Brand/Manufacturer
spinning wheel
Agent In Bangladesh
No/Yes
Power
6.85 Kw
Temperature
Normal
Certification
SGS/Others
Production Capacity
73kg/h
Max Speed
300 Neps
Type Of Circle
Single Cylinder Single Coil Forming
Delivery Can Size
24″ X 48″
Spool Size
300 mm
Draw Box Drafting
5/4
Cotton Fiber Length
25-51 mm
Noilage
8-25%
Weight
5250 Kg
Theoretic Output
73 kg
Drafting Ratio
Draft 9.12-25.12
Nipper Rate Nips
500 r/min
Head Number*Head Gauge
8*470mm
Suction
Integral Suction
Compressed Air Pressure
(6-8)*105 pa
Compressed Air Consumption
1.5 Nm³/h
Dimension (L*W*H)
7433*2120*1700 mm
Description
Adopt the combing components those are suitable for combe in the high speed running
Feature of Combing Machine for Combed Yarn:
Lapping Cotton feed automatically in textile industry by Comber machine,
Yarn is combed by Combing Machine
Wide range of raw material available in cotton yarn market and yarn market
Spinning process of yarn combed in spinning mill
Spinning wheel is used in this machine for spinning process.
It works as dust removal equipment and ensure workers health.
Advantages of the Spinning Process:
This machine improves uniformity and strength.
This machine produces higher count of yarn.
It reduces neps in the yarn combe.
It improves smoothness and luster of yarn.
It improves the spinning value of fiber.
It combe yarn.
It produces much clearer yarn and reduces the hairiness of yarn.
Disadvantage of the Spinning Wheel of the Machine:
Better quality fibers are needed.
Produces more wastage than other process.
Combed yarn tendency is high to snarl.
Some Defects of Combed Yarn
Slubs, Thick and Thin Places-
Definition and Causes:This usually appears in yarns of lower quality where open-end spinning methods and inadequate and insufficient combing and /or carding processes are used. Apart from being clearly evident on the surface of the fabric, in some cases they also cause yarn breakage and create holes during the knitting or weaving process.
Preventive Suggestions: During the spinning process, and based on the origin and the quality of the base fibers, appropriate carding and/or combing processes should be used.
Corrective Measures: In plain structures such as Jersey or plain weave poplins and sheetings, etc. this defect will be clearly visible and there are no corrective measures available. In more detailed structures, certain secondary processes such as printing or sueding may cover or reduce the appearance of these areas.
Loop and Weave Distortion-
Definition and Causes: This manifests itself in the form of small multi-directional lines (crinkles) on the surface of the fabric. The main causes are the variation and inconsistency in the twist levels of yarns used. Yarns of different twist levels react in different forms after exposure to water and temperature. As a general rule, higher twist levels produce larger crinkle lines. This principle is often used, purposely, to produce fabrics with crinkle surfaces.
Preventive Suggestions: During the winding process and all throughout the spinning process yarn twist levels must constantly be monitored. Corrective Measures: For this problem, unfortunately, there are no corrective measures available.
Rnags and Picks on the Fabric Surface-
Definition and Causes:This is a common problem with light to medium weight knit fabrics constructed using textured continuous filament yarns with high number of filaments (96 and higher). In woven fabrics this is less evident. This is due to the fact that most knit structures have looser constructions compared to woven fabrics, where the construction is generally tighter. In knit fabrics yarns (and fibers) have more space and can get separated from the stitch when pulled. Generally, as the number of filaments increases, the susceptibility to snagging also increases. With flat continuous filament yarns this problem is less evident.
Preventive Suggestions: During the production process, to the extent possible, the contact with sharp elements must be avoided and eliminated.For dyeing these types of fabrics, dye machineries must be equipped with inner chamber Teflon linings to ensure a smooth circulation of fabric. Other machineries with which the fabric may come in to contact (slitters, tenter frames, etc.) must also be regularly checked for rough and sharp places. The use of silicone softeners must be avoided since these types of softeners tend to increase the slippage of fibers. In cases of very sensitive fabrics, an application of a coating of Sodium silicate in the finishing stage is recommended. Corrective Measures: For this problem, unfortunately, there are no corrective measures available.
The Appearance of Dead / Immature Cotton on the Fabric Surface-
Definition and Causes:During the cultivation and the growth process of cotton, and due to the deficiencies in soil preparation and nutrition, an incomplete growth, in certain portion of the crop, takes place. The incomplete growth causes the outer hard shell to remain with the affected fiber. These unshed outer shells appear on the surface of the fabric in the form of dark specs.
Preventive Suggestions: During the spinning process, an intensified double carding and combing, depending on the severity of the fiber condition, will be required. Most of these impurities will be removed in the spinning process. However, some, after fabric construction (greige goods), will appear on the surface and they need to be cleaned up and removed. In cases where the problem on the fabric is not severe, a process of caustisization or mercerization will be sufficient to dissolve, remove and clean up the surface. In more severs cases, specifically with heavy weight woven fabrics such as Denims, Bull Denims, Canvas, etc. where open-end yarns are used, a pre-scouring treatment using Potassium Hydroxide is recommended. The use of dyestuffs with high dead cotton coverage is also recommended. Corrective Measures: Re- bleaching and Re-dyeing the fabric may be the only solution.
Non-Dyeable Cotton Fibers Due to Soil Contamination-
Definition and Causes:In certain cotton growing regions, such as Southern Brazil and certain regions in Pakistan, the soil is known to be contaminated with metal complex elements. These metals include Iron, Copper, Magnesium, etc. During the growth process some of these elements, Iron in particular, gets absorbed and becomes a part of the chemical composition of the cotton fibers. The presence of these metal particles in the fiber inhibits the fiber’s dye affinity and prevents a complete absorption and exhaustion of certain dyes and optical brighteners.
Preventive Suggestions: Prevention of soil contamination is not yet effectively possible.
Corrective Measures: The fabrics made from these yarns (fibers) are only suitable for dark colors and black. Bleaching the fabric into a bright white color is not always possible since the red or the brown cast of the contaminants is often present. Using these types of fabrics for white, pastel and bright colors should be avoided.
Barre-
Definition and Causes:The horizontal lines, across the knitting courses and with distinctive repeat patterns are referred to as Barre lines. These are as the result of the tension differential in the intake of yarn in to the knitted loops. They could also be the result of the difference in the quality of the yarn cones (or cheese) used. In fabric constructions where spandex yarns, in particular bare or uncovered types, are used the excessive, inconsistent and unregulated stretch could be the cause.
Preventive Suggestions: Regular monitoring of yarn tensions plus ensuring that the yarn cones are from the same production merge will help to minimize or eliminate this problem.
Corrective Measures: Provided that these Barre lines are slight and are not too distinctive, using certain dyestuffs with high level of Barre coverage may be effective in helping to achieve a uniform dyed surface. In severe cases, however, no corrective measures are available.
Color Change Due to the Presence of Optical Brighteners-
Definition and Causes:Certain synthetic yarns, such as Polyester and Nylon, during the Melt-spinning processes, are tinted with optical brighteners. The presence of these brighteners will affect the dye affinity of the yarns and may cause illuminant Metamerism where the intensity and cast of a color appear to vary under different light sources.
Preventive Suggestions: When assigning yarns for production, using an Ultra Violet light source, the presence of these types of tints can be established. Prior to the dye process and in the preparation stage attempts should be made to strip and remove these tints using a strong alkali solution such as Sodium Hydroxide or Soda ash. In certain cases the use of Phosphoric acid is recommended.
Corrective Measures:For a fabric which has been constructed using tinted yarns no corrective measures are available.
Twist Liveliness-
Definition and Causes:Excessive twist levels in the yarn will cause the fabric to have an unstable appearance in the form of curled edges and off-grain and irregular course lines.
Preventive Suggestions:Monitoring and determining yarn’s twist level prior to production is of great importance. It is to be noted that twist level is determined based on the length of the fiber, types of spinning, and the direction of twist(S or Z).
Corrective Measures:With fabrics that are knitted with excessive yarn twist, a hot scour treatment will reduce the instabilities. However, as previously mentioned (in section 1 – C), in severe cases this fiber relaxation may cause crinkles on the fabric.
Conclusion:
In the spinning mills the combing machine is very popular which used to produce smoother, finer, stronger and more uniform yarns. For higher count of yarn this machine must be needed.
Textile yarn tester is test equipment which test textile yarn mohair yarns, polyester yarn, yeoman yarns for measuring optimum quality as these are quality tested by efficient auditors on various parameters. Only after they are assured of the quality aspect of these products, then only the professionals dispatch about the products to the market.
Specifications of Reel Wraps Yarn Tester for Textile Yarn:
[label type=”label” title=”Specifications Name”]
[label type=”label” title=”Specifications Value”]
Product Category
Yarn
Machine Category
Yarn Testing Machine
Product Name
Reel wraps for Yarn Length Testing
Product Model
According to Manufacturer
Product Class
New
Origin
China/India/Others
Brand/Manufacturer
Name of Manufacturer
Agent in Bangladesh
No/Yes
Power
AC220V 50Hz 100W
Temperature
Normal
Certification
SGS/Others
Production Capacity
NA
Test yarn fray
6 frays
Reel circumference
1000mm (metric system)(YG086D)
Spacing of yarn
60mm
Girth of yarn frame
1000 ±1mm
DimensionsL*W*H
780 mm×660mm × 480mm
Rev of reel
25-300 RPM (numeric pre-settable)
Interval of spindle
65mm
Number of wrap
2~9999 Rev(pre-settable)
Programmable stop
1~9 rev(pre-settable)
Reeling pre-tension
0~100cN (pre-settable)
Instrument weight
50kg
Description
This Electronic Reel wraps is designed to produce skeins of yarn of a pre determined length and number of turns for count and strength testing
What is Mohair Yarn Testing:
Mohair yarn occupies the intermediate position in the manufacture of fabric from raw material. Yarn results are essential for both estimating the quality of raw material and for controlling the quality of fabric produced. The important characteristics of yarn being tested are described below shortly-
Yarn twist
Linear density
Yarn strength
Yarn elongation
Yarn evenness
Yarn hairiness etc.
Twist Yarns:
Twist of yeoman yarns are called turns which is twisting the fiber.
Linear Density of Yarn:
The excellence of the yarn is usually expressed in terms of its linear thickness. There are a amount of systems and units for expressing yarn fineness. But they are categorised as follows
Direct system
Indirect System
Checking More Testing:
Uneven shade
Oil spot
Neps
Crease mark
Machine Stoppage mark
Listing
Line mark
Pick missing
Double yam
Dead cotton
Bowing
Fly yam contamination
Experiment Name: To measure the wash fastness.
The “color fastness” of a colored textile is defined as its resistance to these changes when subjected to particulates of conditions. It follows that color fastness must be specified in terms of these changes and expressed in terms of the magnitude.
Color-fastness to wash:
Wash-fastness is perhaps the most common once to be carried out: It is necessary to bear in mind that there are two types of wash
Domestic wash
Industrial wash
Which can be carried out with different of severity and for this reason there are 5 normalized types of with soap and at least 16 normalized washing tests for domestic and commercial laundering using a standard detergent.
The different characteristics are indicated in the table below:
Characteristics of test for fastness to washing with soap
Now we shall describe washing test no. 1 as an example to explain the mode of the operation.
If the sample adjusted to the test is fabric a rectangular measuring I0x4 cm- is cut out and placed the multifibre of the same size. The, composite specimen is placed in a container of the sample dyeing machine along with a soapy solution with a liquor ratio 1:50. The machine is started and the sample is streed 30 min
Buyer’s Requirements:-
ECHO SCOURING: ISO 105 C06 A2S 40’C
DECATHLON ISO 105 C06 60-C
CARRE FOUR ISO 105 C06
WELL L L ORD ISO 105 C06 A2S 40-C
EURO CENTRA ISO 105 C06 A2S 40’C
Required materials:-
Sample size 10×2 cm.
Multi fiber at 10×2 cm
ECE detergent (WOB)
Sodium per-borate
5, Distilled water
Normal cold water
Steel balls
Required instrument:
Sample dyeing machine
pH meter (where necessary)
Scissor
Stitch machine
Procedure:
Cut sample & multifibre at I Ox2 cm and then Stitch
4 g/l ECE detergent (WOB) + 1~ I Sodium-pr borate put in distilled water & cooled at 20C and measure p (where necessary)
Run the program in the following way:
Rinse the sample twice with cold water.
Dry at 60C by hanging or by Flat iron pressing but temperature should not be more than 150C.
Experiment Name :To measure the color-fastness to water.
Buyer’s Reguirements :
ECHO SCOURING: ISO 105: 1996 EOI
DECATHLON: ISO 105: 1996 EOI
CARRE FOUR: ISO 105: 1996 E02
WELL LORD ISO 105: 1996 EOI
EURO CENTRA: ISO 105: 1996 EO, I
Procedure:
Sample size: Cut the specimen & the multifibre at 10×2 cm & sewn together.
Solution: Wet in distilled water at room temperature & socked but only for CAREE FOUR wet in 30g/l Nacl Solution at room temperature & socked.
Place it in acrylic resin plates & put the weight on to the plates.
Keep it in oven and kept the temperature at 3 7± 02’c for 4 hrs.
Open the specimen and dry it in the air not exceeding 60’c temperature.
Assess the staining & shade change with grey scale.
Experiment Name :To measure the fastness to perspiration acid and alkaline.
Buyer’s Reguirements:-
LDECATHLON: ISO 105: 1996 E04
CARRE FOUR: ISO 105: 1996 E04
WELL LORD ISO 105: 1996 E04
EURO CENTRA: ISO 105: 1996 E04
Experiment Name: To measure the fastness to rubbing (Dry & Wet).
Buyer’s Requirements:-
L ECHO SOURCHING: ISO 105 X 12
2 DECATH-LON ISO 105 X 12
CARREFOUR ISO 105 X 12
WELL LORD ISO 105 X 12
EURO CENTRA ISO 105 X 12
Procedure:
Rubbing cloth: Take rubbing cloth at 5×5 cm size
Sample size: Take the specimen at 14×5 cm at wales wise and course wise
Put the rubbing cloth on to the grating and stag by steel wire and run ten times manually and assess the rubbing cloth with grey scale.
Place the rubbing cloth on the water and socked and squeeze. Place the wet rubbing cloth on to the grating and stag with stainless steel wire and run ten times manually. then assess the staining on to the rubbing cloth by grey scale for wet rubbing.
Experiment Name: To measure the pilling of the given fabric.
Please not that all test specimens should be conditioned at 65 ± 5 R.H. 20 20′ c temperature. For 16 hrs & 2 hrs for polyester fabric. If customer demand then prior to test specimen should be washed at least 15 min & then dry and then try to start for testing.
Procedure:
Cut the fabric 12.5 x 12.5 cm & benchmarks should be 10 cm by using template.
Then sewn the fabric so that it can be firmly fit in to the tube a moulded polyurethane tube.
Then four tubes are placed in a box and start 60 ± 02 rev/min for at least 5 hours or according to the buyer requirements.
Then assess the pilling by putting tested specimens at the view cabinet and compare with standard photograph.
Experiment Name: To measure the dimensional stability (Shrinkage & spirality Buyer’s Requirements :
Conditioning: Put the sample in table for 4 hrs for conditioning before starting test.
Cut the sample 50×50 cm & benchmark should be 35×35 cm. Stitch the sample (3 sides) by over lock sewing machine.
Put sample in washing machine in the following ways for different buyer:
ECHO: Gentle Wash Temp 40 ± 3C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin) total 30 min.
DECATHLON: Normal Wash Temp. 40 ± 3 C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin) total 30 min.
iii. CAREE FOUR: Normal Wash Temp. 40 ± 3C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin) total 30 min.
WELL LORD: According to care label if mentioned or Normal Wash Temp. 40 ± 3 C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin) total 30 min.
EURO CENTRA: According to care label if mentioned or Normal Wash Temp. 40 ± 3C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin) total 30 min.
SQURE: Gentle Wash Temp 50 ± 3′ C (washing +4 Rinse +3 Spin.) total 30 min.
Drying: All Buyers’ requirement is tumble Dry except ECHO SCOURING is flat dry.
Shrinkage test calculation
Spirality test calculation :
Suppose,
A = The right side distance of the specimen from the stitch line after wash
B = The left side distance of the specimen from the stitch line after wash.
Experiment Name: To measure the fastness to light with the Megaosol light fastness tester Procedure:
Cut the four pieces of test specimens according to the length & width wise and attached with the specimen holder.
Then the holder set in to the Megasol light fastness tester.
Then the experiment continued at 72 hours according to the buyer’s requirement.
After 72 hours later the specimen taken from the light fastness tester.
Then the test specimen compare with the Blue scale or computer.
Experiment Name: To measure the GSM of the fabric by GSM cutter.
Procedure:
Cut the fabric with the GSM cutter (gram per square inch).
Weight the fabric with the electric balance.
Suppose,
The weight of the fabric 2.51 gm. That means the GSM of the fabric is 251. Because when we cut the fabric with the GSM cutter then we get I from the 100 meter from the square meter.
Experiment Name: To measure the CPI & MTI with the magnifying glass setting
multiplier.
Procedure:
Take the fabric& marking I inch with the ball pen according to the course& wales wise
of a knitted fabric.
Then set the marking point with the multiplier scale & counting the CPI & WPI of knitted fabric in l inch.
Recipe Calculation:
Dyeing solution (all classes of reactive dyes):
Water: 840 CC
Cibacel DBC: 60 CC
Ciba flow C: 20 CC
Ergasol CO: 40 CC
Lioptan R/G: 40 CC
Total : 1000 CC
Dyeing solution (all classes of reactive dyes):
Water : 880 CC
Invadine DIF/DP: 40 CC
AB45: 80 CC
Total: 1000 CC
L:R = 1:8
Fabric weight: 5 gin
Soda ash solution: 10 % (Prepared in to lab)
Soap solution: (Prepared in the lab)
Cibacron R = 1 gm/l
Cibacel DBC = 0. 5 gm /l
L: R = 1:20
Acetic acid = 0. 5 gm/l
Textile Yarn Strength And Elongation:
Breaking strength and elongation is important factors for representing the performance of the polyester yarn.
Single end strength
Skein strength for reel wraps
[1] Thambi Durai, B.Tech. Textile Technology, Park College of Engineering and Technology, Kaniyur-India
