High Temperature lvdt
- High Temperature lvdt For measurement of displacement of thermosetting
- polymers when subjected to temperature and pressure
- Materials form. Liquid or Solid
- Electromechanical type
- Precision: 0.001 mm
- Measurement range: 1 micron to 1 cm or higher
- Sample size: 1 – 10 gram (if liquid)
Compliance
How much time does the facility have to complete an audit?
Facilities have six months from the time of payment to complete their audits and have their monitoring reports and recommendations submitted. If the auditor indicates that the facility is not compliant with all 12 WRAP principles and requires corrective action, then the corrective action must also be resolved within the initial six-month time frame. Read more about What is Melt Index Tester? How does it Works?
If the facility is under corrective action, does it have to repay the registration fee?
If the facility can remedy and resolve the corrective action issue(s) within the initial six-month timeframe, there is no need for repayment. However, if it takes longer than six months to address and remedy the corrective action and to complete the audit, yes, the facility will need to re-register and repay the fee again.
If the facility is under corrective action (CAP), how long does the factory have to be in compliance before the monitor returns to re-evaluate the facility?
Liquor ratio in textile dyeing
The liquor ratio is the amount of litres of used water per kg processed fabric. For instance, if 500 litres of water are needed to process 100 kg of fabric, the liquor ratio is 5:1. If changes in the production process mean that only 300 litres of water are needed to process the same amount of fabric, then the liquor ratio is reduced to 3:1.
It is important to keep the liquor ratio at a minimum when dyeing and rinsing in discontinuous processes. On the other hand, it is important as well to be able to easily adjust the production process to changing demands.
In principle, when choosing a dyeing machine, the one with the lowest liquor ratio is preferable. Consideration must be given not only to the use of jiggers, air jets and jets in comparison to reel barrels, but more generally to the proper selection of dyeing machines with comparable characteristics.
Once the dyeing machines have been selected, it is important to operate them as efficiently as possible. In case the bath volume can be selected within wide margins, it is important to limit the amount of water used to the extent possible.
A decrease in the liquor ratio can be achieved through:
• Decreasing the volume of the dyeing machine and preventing dead corners (without material);
• Installing displacement devices, so the machine can be filled with less liquid;
• An improved way of stacking and operating the machine at maximum load (compressing the material).
The liquor ratio can further be adjusted to the load using air. In this case, a spin-off advantage is the improved fixation of the dyestuff to the fabric.
Operating at a low liquor ratio not only reduces energy consumption, but also the consumption of water and chemicals. By incorporating a displacement device a volume reduction of approximately 50% can be achieved in the processing bath.
The applicability of this measure depends on the production capacity per dyeing barrel and the capacity of the transport system in the machines to prevent creasing or deformation of the fabric. Since dyeing is the most critical process in the finishing stage, reducing the liquor ratio is primarily applicable in low risk rinsing processes. This aspect should be taken into account when deciding on replacing equipment.
The industry concerned would need to make a few trials and assess quality impacts before commercial implementation.
Savings can be achieved on raw materials as well as auxiliary materials and wastewater charges.
In case a displacement device is included in the dyeing machine when it is installed, the costs are limited to approximately EUR 2 000 (INR 112 000) per device. However, in case they were not installed initially, then the costs could be 10 times more because significant construction changes may be necessary.
Conclusion
High temperature lvdt facilities must be in compliance for 45 days before the monitor can return and re-evaluate the facility.
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